Biol Direct July 2012 PMID 22793875

The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others)(a).

Harold S Bernhardt

Mentions

95
Peak: 6 in May 2024
across 5 sources since Apr 2019

Extended reach

206,730
potential audience

Total likes

7,560

Video views

84,566

Mentions per month

Apr 2019 – Oct 2025

Where it's discussed

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AI synopsis

What people are saying

The discussions reflect a strong skepticism towards the RNA world hypothesis, with many commenters suggesting that alternative theories, like intelligent design, are more plausible. For instance, several users called the hypothesis 'dead in the water' and referenced the lab conditions necessary for RNA synthesis as 'unrealistic' and ‘problematic.’ This choice of words and the tone convey a sense of dismissal towards the hypothesis, framing it as outdated rather than a valid scientific theory.

AgreementStrong disagreement

The majority of discussions show strong disagreement with the RNA world hypothesis, indicating a consensus against it.

InterestModerate interest

While there is some curiosity about the topic, posts suggest that it primarily stems from disagreement rather than genuine interest in the scientific aspects.

EngagementModerate engagement

Users engaged in critique and discussion, but often in a dismissive tone, reflecting surface-level engagement with the concepts rather than deep exploration.

ImpactModerate impact

Most respondents view the RNA world hypothesis as having limited relevance to current scientific discussions, suggesting it has low perceived impact.

Abstract in brief

  • The RNA world hypothesis suggests that early life began with RNA as both the genetic material and a catalyst, but there are significant challenges to this idea, such as RNA's complexity and instability.
  • Critics point out that the simultaneous emergence of RNA and proteins is statistically improbable, highlighting the chicken-and-egg dilemma of which macromolecule came first.
  • Alternatives to the RNA world hypothesis, like the "proteins first" theory, propose that proteins either evolved before RNA or that both evolved together, though each of these theories has its own drawbacks.

Top posts

Most liked on X and Bluesky
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@bloom78749257 @DivinelyDesined Reality said this. https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Aug 13, 2025 · 4 likes · 501 followers View post →
Basil alsharif
@Basilalsharif12 · X

وهناك دارسة تم نشرها على BMC Part of Springer Nature بدأت بعنوان: (The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) فرضية العالم RNA:أسوأ نظرية للتطور المبكر للحياة باستثناء جميع النظريات الأخرى المصدر: https://t.co/uU2LDyN1fu

Feb 14, 2023 · 3 likes · 1,490 followers View post →
Divinely Designed
@DivinelyDesined · X

There are various more irreconcilable issues with synthesizing a functional RNA - I would recommend reading this paper for more detail, for those interested: https://t.co/79yfXigC1r

Nov 4, 2024 · 2 likes · 4,556 followers View post →
Filippo Sala
@FilippoSala3 · X

@lameduck1960 Una teoria piuttosto problematica e lacunosa secondo cui l'RNA non è solo un intermediario ma avrebbe svolto ai primordi un ruolo importante nell'evoluzione degli eucarioti. Per chi volesse approfondire: https://t.co/RIDx2q6RcJ

Nov 25, 2022 · 2 likes · 1 share · 599 followers View post →
Calvin's Ghost
@GhostCalvin · X

@DaytimePubSmell @darwintojesus The RNA World hypothesis likely did not happen and would still be compatible with ID. So far, the only way has been demonstrated is in very controlled laboratory conditions. Conditions that likely did not exist. While it's a good shot, it's problematic. https://t.co/Em55W5lFZl

Sep 23, 2025 · 2 likes · 23 followers View post →
الظِّلْ
@EFGH1100 · X

@asdf268426 @Rdod_Blahdod https://t.co/PGbhdOkZWc.

Jul 17, 2023 · 1 like · 8,384 followers View post →

All mentions

Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@HarryNockz @NotEvolution1 https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Oct 5, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@marknoble @MrWadeB @Heiserprospekt @StefanMolyneux RE: RNA world. https://t.co/lciKC1htin Before you slip into denial mode, there are a dozen other articles and papers to the same effect.

Sep 25, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Calvin's Ghost
@GhostCalvin · X

@DaytimePubSmell @darwintojesus The RNA World hypothesis likely did not happen and would still be compatible with ID. So far, the only way has been demonstrated is in very controlled laboratory conditions. Conditions that likely did not exist. While it's a good shot, it's problematic. https://t.co/Em55W5lFZl

Sep 23, 2025 · 2 likes · 23 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@FiendInno @Fueldog3 @OpenThreads @randomizer88996 @dirk_fasshauer @PatricktheB @Eilis654279 @cl1ntonserver @jimaw63 @michellewither6 @IrisB42744268 @CivilLost @Simple_Shaman @ahrehead @JPopiden55707 @VinceGottalotta @AnglerLouisiana @BrandyVanceXXX @RepublicanRehab @proundpapaof3 @PaulStetson13 @wisemanryder @TW175663056 @scottstocker4 @brisco_0317 @Vickie627 @BabeTruth2 @hoothathuh @cbeckj @FDruber @HarveyWall15 @RealDoctorT @CaptSarcasm2728 @KenWali1 @RICHLS8 @amItessOrNotLol @JagmeetScheer @EMNODAERTTONOD @BrianNazarenus @MilesMosley6662 @Covidtalk1 @Janetb172 @gavandenboss @StarfishPrime12 @LynneMarieMorel @LindowJam @Budleo_Morgan @cra5h0verr1de @blurrrgh @Tabonde00263 Hardly. The clay experiments have nothing to do with prebiotic conditions, using purified clays, chemicals, and unrealistic conditions. Even then they haven't produced anything useful, and haven't resolved the chir

Sep 19, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@CrunchyBrit13 @USNVetDad @IamStephen0525 @NotEvolution1 https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Sep 3, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@korho2830 @aquavitae96 @4tis @darwintojesus https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Sep 3, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@korho2830 @aquavitae96 @4tis @darwintojesus Here's your RNA World status. https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Sep 2, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@Luigimario83486 @DPadenAkaterry @AnswersCanada https://t.co/jW20PuZWVL

Aug 30, 2025 · 1 like · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@Sylem_Stickman @GrailKong @GudmundsonLager @aboveavgtrashh @bartonovopolis Intelligent design/creator. Abiogenesis has been confounded by the evidence and RNA world has discarded by many. Design, information, specific complexity, irreducible complexity, fine tuning, and on and on all point to a designer. https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Aug 29, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@moneyisagun @Sanjar11759 @Delta35029878 @bartonovopolis RNA world is bunk. https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Aug 29, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@bloom78749257 @DivinelyDesined Reality said this. https://t.co/d36e82OQJh

Aug 13, 2025 · 4 likes · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@Vatagic @Observre892 @McClureShawn https://t.co/zjEtQq4mp3 Right conditions = lab, with ultra pure precursor chems, RNA templates from exist life and significant intervention from researchers. Still no functional or sustainable RNA

Jun 26, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@MSScienceWizard @grok @WilliamMcgibney You're a science teacher and you just asked grok? FFS man. Did MU produce aminos useable for protein synthesis? RNA world is even criticized by believers. https://t.co/pBmYUkmoMG There is no such thing as LUCA. Stromatolites are made of cyanobacteria, which are like

Jun 13, 2025 · 501 followers View post →
Robb
@robbswallace · X

@ArchTheAtheist Oh I have. It’s falls woefully short. https://t.co/tiSYzN0PuU https://t.co/C97FDKs3Gj

Jun 13, 2025 · 1 like · 606 followers View post →
The Benevolent Dictatorship
@SBGFL81 · X

@PrometheusWit @wendelltalks https://t.co/EtPgQMKeUX

Jun 6, 2025 · 1 like · 381 followers View post →
The Benevolent Dictatorship
@SBGFL81 · X

@Ausbloke93 RNA world assumes prebiotic conditions that never existed, relies on unstable molecules, and still requires information-rich sequences to somehow arise. That’s not science—it’s faith. https://t.co/EtPgQMKeUX

May 11, 2025 · 381 followers View post →
The Benevolent Dictatorship
@SBGFL81 · X

@Ausbloke93 RNA world assumes prebiotic conditions that never existed, relies on unstable molecules, and still requires information-rich sequences to somehow arise. That’s not science—it’s faith. https://t.co/EtPgQMKeUX

May 11, 2025 · 381 followers View post →
Galacton
@Galacton2 · X

@SDAFS56788141 @NoDyeSaiyanHair @NotEvolution1 Yeah, it is amazing the rate of scientific progress in just 13 years. 2012 Jul The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) March 4, 2024 RNA-catalyzed evolution of catalytic RNA

Apr 29, 2025 · 220 followers View post →
Pensive
@Christi34606551 · X

@Chondrichthyes1 @autocorrect2_0 Here. He works in biochemistry. He certainly knows more than me. Does he know more than you? Argue with him. https://t.co/u4WGlvyqmh.

Feb 13, 2025 · 123 followers View post →
Robb
@robbswallace · X

@ScienceQriosity @GregCampNC @oiler3535 @ToriatheistTori Really? Not from my research into the subject. Here’s one example: https://t.co/RyIoGacmiU

Feb 11, 2025 · 606 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@e_considine @StephenCMeyer "your question was about" I ask lots of questions. The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj5Bci The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. ...I discuss some of

Feb 9, 2025 · 1,320 followers View post →
Pere Joan Sala
@Fradbius · X

@didaclopez Què va ser primer, l'ou o la gallina? La Proteïna o l'ARN? https://t.co/3eymroPOG0

Nov 16, 2024 · 1 like · 250 followers View post →
Divinely Designed
@DivinelyDesined · X

There are various more irreconcilable issues with synthesizing a functional RNA - I would recommend reading this paper for more detail, for those interested: https://t.co/79yfXigC1r

Nov 4, 2024 · 2 likes · 4,556 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@DvdButler @Blake14182n @catholichiara @CaroltheIntern A friendly critique of RNA world. https://t.co/SmpVD8S1D3.

Oct 20, 2024 · 501 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@OlisCory @JustinBlueDrgn @NotEvolution1 Yes, and I understand that none of it is relevant evidence. They hope they are making progress, but it show more significant problems than it does solutions. I mean, the title kinda gives it away, no? The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life

Oct 4, 2024 · 1 like · 501 followers View post →
Divinely Designed
@DivinelyDesined · X

@OlisCory @darwintojesus https://t.co/79yfXigC1r

Oct 2, 2024 · 4,556 followers View post →
Divinely Designed
@DivinelyDesined · X

@oohglobbits2 Amino Acids are not the building blocks of RNA. The RNA World Hypothesis is dead in the water (pun intended). https://t.co/79yfXih9QZ

Oct 1, 2024 · 4,556 followers View post →
Divinely Designed
@DivinelyDesined · X

@Frohen78 @OzienTalks @NotEvolution1 The RNA World hypothesis is not taken seriously anymore. It's a dead theory. The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) https://t.co/sPiL3bfNSE

Sep 8, 2024 · 4,556 followers View post →
Divinely Designed
@DivinelyDesined · X

@Advanz909 The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) https://t.co/sPiL3bfNSE

Sep 5, 2024 · 4,556 followers View post →
Robb
@robbswallace · X

@BilltheCatGuy1 @Melanie33720945 @DvdButler @MartinC88440449 @AiG Define pseudoscience. I call bs on that because all origin research can fall into that category. Case in point with abiogenesis. Referee acknowledged RNA World experiments are not falsifiable. Same for pretty much everyone origins related. https://t.co/RyIoGacU8s https://t.co/udAG91af2l

Aug 17, 2024 · 606 followers View post →
Robb
@robbswallace · X

@godrottdot1 @michaer27 @AiG How many do you want? How about a couple to start. Mathematically impossible for 1 average sized functional protein to evolve randomly. Must have been produced by an Intelligent Agent. https://t.co/RyIoGacU8s https://t.co/rdFOVKMhXP https://t.co/5pgtL3vuSs

Aug 4, 2024 · 606 followers View post →
Tovi Lord
@tovi_lord · X

@alfbennymedia @17Gfish @NotEvolution1 Here’s more info: https://t.co/PHDBuVqgfT.

Jul 17, 2024 · 127 followers View post →
Sidetracked
@SDAFS56788141 · X

@OlisCory @MackyMus_24 @mbruggelivecom1 @ShAdOwLiNk2020 @NotEvolution1 That's the thing, all abiogenesis is not supported by evidence. It is a collection of loose, incomplete and insufficient hypotheses, many of which have debunked themselves, including Miller-Urey. Here's a rip on RNA world. https://t.co/1mnj5xETxg.

Jul 8, 2024 · 1 like · 501 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@be_Zanazar @NotEvolution1 @King_K66 The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. ...I discuss some of these difficulties...

May 29, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@Globalist_News @StephenCMeyer @PiersUncensored The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known... I discuss some of these difficulties... https://t.co/lvydxhcIXY

May 21, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@rei_es_2000 @DerrickHood2 @JRGreen2118 @darwintojesus The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties... https://t.co/lvydxhcIXY

May 13, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
Sid
@DilettanteSci · X

@the_blind_guide @John13KJV @AnswersCanada I’m the farthest thing from a good guide here (googling would probably be better!) but here are a few attempts at various aspects: https://t.co/JR4WAbqvbV https://t.co/bAUyW6J6CA https://t.co/tfQsO5dgHc https://t.co/UU6qTX8Dwy https://t.co/ssf8Z978Qi

May 7, 2024 · 1 like · 33 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@ItzJustAlexfr @NotEvolution1 The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties... https://t.co/lvydxhcIXY

May 6, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@dantrimont @NotEvolution1 The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties... https://t.co/lvydxhcIXY

May 6, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@poiu477 @S4R41_K44R @IanCopeland5 @big_simp "Easy, RNA... first" The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties

Mar 28, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
.
@ApopAr67 · X

@SWWJiRhXg2dYIMQ @ArbleMatan יצא לי לקרוא את המאמר הזה לאחרונה, יענה לך חלקית https://t.co/rVKqkSkryE

Mar 18, 2024 · 1 like · 1 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@atheiskeptic @feasibilian @StephenCMeyer "are alternative" The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties...

Feb 25, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@atheiskeptic @feasibilian @StephenCMeyer Did you look over this?: The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. ...I discuss some of these difficulties...

Feb 25, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@atheiskeptic @brecksvillean @feasibilian @StephenCMeyer The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/YgQCoj53mK The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties...

Feb 23, 2024 · 1,320 followers View post →
David Ford
@David32856757 · X

@apologetics_un @BlueBla76847058 @NancyRPearcey The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) - 2012 https://t.co/slGWhvSR4W The problems associated with the RNA world hypothesis are well known. In the following I discuss some of these difficulties...

Dec 28, 2023 · 1,320 followers View post →
That one guy, V
@that1guyv83 · X

@Ah_Science @askquantum @themathurinera It’s very optimistic of you all to promote the RNA World Hypothesis like it’s a proven fact. I’m sure all three of you are familiar with the criticisms and real challenges to this idea. *And it doesn’t address the genetic code origin. https://t.co/xXvhyikBLY https://t.co/j5QA5qTivl

Dec 15, 2023 · 303 followers View post →
Buckie Rogered
@bucktron2021 · X

@MachpiyaL @DerAelst @Cozy_Fren7 @MakisMD People still have problems with the mRNA word and it's very frustrating. Every living thing on earth has been chock full of mRNA for literally billions of years. Their self-harming commitment to ignorance is hilarious. https://t.co/no7bjQ5Yj7

Sep 15, 2023 · 3,371 followers View post →
Mark H. Pinkerton Jr.
@PinkertonPhD · X

https://t.co/18K5sAytws

Aug 2, 2023 · 14 followers View post →
الظِّلْ
@EFGH1100 · X

@asdf268426 @Rdod_Blahdod https://t.co/PGbhdOkZWc.

Jul 17, 2023 · 1 like · 8,384 followers View post →
Red Hare
@redharehorse · X

@depth_ocean_ @pantallahueso @SocialistfromAZ @Aron_Ra @dan_cameron99 @EnithTea @Imagicka @ChappyLeo @Paleoguy073 @theclipperslim @JustinCPorter @outtasync @blowave @SeptembersRain @_CROPES_ @TakeThatDarwin @RobertK22245756 @ScienceQriosity @tkthtetymology @Craig84671918 @Anit10432231 @BenP112233 @KirksCousin1 @curtisdaddylove @dougpasnak @rantyskeptic @EDGEinthewild @ODanaos @TBesserwisser @Sapphirology @dj_halling @FPosteschild @WoopsWoah @GreekVikingX @Dwyertd @MoPal63461 @CursedDavyJones @LisaSimpsonLib @Smilodon85 @DiPolarPilot @Ah_Science @NatGeo And this paper summarises the evidence for the RNA world hypothesis, including that RNA sequences as small as 5-12 nucleotides demonstrate catalytic AND replicating properties. The chance of a specific 5 nucleotide sequence arising is about 1 in 3000. https://t.co/m3924Uqw8N

Jun 30, 2023 · 154 followers View post →
Basil alsharif
@Basilalsharif12 · X

@QAlkhlas @abdaljaliloo اقرأ المقالة التالية ويكفيكم ضحكا وتدليسا على العقول فهذه هي حقيقة RNA https://t.co/uU2LDyN1fu

Apr 24, 2023 · 1,490 followers View post →
Basil alsharif
@Basilalsharif12 · X

@crixus_ar @7xeec بينما رأيه ودراسته لا تناسبك انت وخذ على هذا جميع الدراسات العلمية لانها تعتمد على ع قول وتوجهات وكل شخص يعتمد ما يناسبه! لذلك يا زياد لا تحاول اقناعنا بأن العلم هو الحقيقة وغير ذلك لا طبعا مصدر الدراسة : https://t.co/uU2LDyN1fu

Mar 14, 2023 · 1,490 followers View post →
Basil alsharif
@Basilalsharif12 · X

@crixus_ar @Mahmoud05221954 وبالنسبة لفرضية او عالم RNA الكثير من العلماء قالوا انها أسوء فكرة لصنع الحياة ولا يوجد دليل علمية على فرضية RNA قبل DNA https://t.co/uU2LDyN1fu

Feb 14, 2023 · 1 like · 1,490 followers View post →
Basil alsharif
@Basilalsharif12 · X

وهناك دارسة تم نشرها على BMC Part of Springer Nature بدأت بعنوان: (The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others) فرضية العالم RNA:أسوأ نظرية للتطور المبكر للحياة باستثناء جميع النظريات الأخرى المصدر: https://t.co/uU2LDyN1fu

Feb 14, 2023 · 3 likes · 1,490 followers View post →
SergeiKozyavkin
@KozyavkinSergei · X

@Ella_Maru The #RNA world on its own https://t.co/T5Nx3l2Aw9

Feb 7, 2023 · 1 like · 1 followers View post →
TheHistoryGuy
@TheHistoryGuy07 · X

@dinosaur_dapper @AiG The RNA-world model has been an utter failure. https://t.co/PjQv3SHbPE

Feb 1, 2023 · 1,908 followers View post →
Barbara Tampieri ✝️
@lameduck1960 · X

RT @FilippoSala3: @lameduck1960 Una teoria piuttosto problematica e lacunosa secondo cui l'RNA non è solo un intermediario ma avrebbe svolt…

Nov 25, 2022 · 1 share · 29,597 followers View post →
Filippo Sala
@FilippoSala3 · X

@lameduck1960 Una teoria piuttosto problematica e lacunosa secondo cui l'RNA non è solo un intermediario ma avrebbe svolto ai primordi un ruolo importante nell'evoluzione degli eucarioti. Per chi volesse approfondire: https://t.co/RIDx2q6RcJ

Nov 25, 2022 · 2 likes · 1 share · 599 followers View post →
CriticalThinker
@Criticalsoul23 · X

@alc_anthro @theosib2 @BRex707 @Alliste35661241 @tempf451 @penguinteamsix @lord_skeptic @freemonotheist Solid evidence, I am not sure about that "The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others)" https://t.co/5I7kzv3X38.

May 17, 2022 · 60 followers View post →
Alejandro Montenegro
@aemonten · X

I was about to tweet this, & then remembered that I did that already some time ago. Biology Direct had a very interesting author-driven, open peer review system (e.g https://t.co/maJbS09pfK). Was it perfect?No, but it was a welcome addition. I think that has changed now, though https://t.co/Yik3KTzmIp

Sep 21, 2021 · 9,046 followers View post →
الظِّلْ
@EFGH1100 · X

كل الفرضيات المقترحة لتفسير اصل الحياة فرضيات فاشلة تماما.. عالم الحمض النووي فرضية فاشلة The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others)a

Aug 27, 2021 · 8,384 followers View post →
Jonathan Sarfati, Ph.D., F.M.
@JonathanSarfat1 · X

@theosib2 @realiwasframed @basedtheocrat @Adam4004 @retep57 No wonder, a year after that paper, there was "The RNA world hypothesis: the worst theory of the early evolution of life (except for all the others)" by Harold Bernhardt. This doesn't gloss over some the ignored steps. https://t.co/MpVetOj3iC Eugene Koonin agrees (below paper).

Sep 8, 2020 · 4,589 followers View post →
Josh Decker
@joshmdecker · X

@Shadowolf1945 @story_cosmos @D32Palma @sarahsalviander @MPaulkovich

Apr 5, 2019 · 632 followers View post →