Environ Sci Technol February 2016 PMID 26741485

Emissions of Ultrafine Particles and Volatile Organic Compounds from Commercially Available Desktop Three-Dimensional Printers with Multiple Filaments.

Parham Azimi, Dan Zhao, Claire Pouzet, Neil E Crain, Brent Stephens

Mentions

92
Peak: 12 in Dec 2022
across 6 sources since Feb 2016

Extended reach

81,774
potential audience

Total likes

1,038

Video views

40,785

Mentions per month

Feb 2016 – Sep 2025

Where it's discussed

  • Reddit50 posts
  • Facebook17 posts
  • News14 articles
  • X / Twitter7 posts
  • YouTube3 videos
  • Bluesky1 posts

AI synopsis

What people are saying

Discussions reflect active engagement, with users referencing specific research conclusions such as filaments emitting particulates and VOCs, and highlighting safety tips like using filters when printing with ABS. The tone conveys a mix of curiosity, concern, and a desire to understand the health implications, emphasizing the potential impact on safe 3D printing practices.

AgreementModerate agreement

Most discussions acknowledge the validity of the study and its findings about emissions from 3D printers, with some users referencing the research directly.

InterestHigh interest

Posts show high curiosity about the health and safety implications, with many seeking advice on ventilation and filament safety.

EngagementModerate engagement

Several comments delve into practical considerations like filament safety and room ventilation, indicating meaningful engagement.

ImpactModerate impact

The discussions highlight concerns about health risks and practical safety measures, indicating moderate awareness of the study's significance.

Abstract in brief

  • This study measured the emissions of ultrafine particles (UFPs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from five different desktop 3D printers using up to nine types of filament, finding that emission rates vary widely depending on the filament material and printing conditions.
  • The researchers identified specific VOCs like caprolactam, styrene, and lactide, emitted in varying quantities depending on the filament type, with some emissions potentially posing health risks in poorly ventilated environments.
  • The findings suggest that when using 3D printers, especially in small or poorly ventilated spaces, it's important to use proper ventilation or filtration systems to reduce exposure to these potentially hazardous emissions.]

Top posts

Most liked on X and Bluesky
Azzys Design Works
@AzzyDesignWorks · X

Learning about a study from 2016 that shows how much plastic a 3d printer can put in the air for the first time today.

Feb 4, 2025 · 5 likes · 1 share · 1,102 followers View post →
Andrew D Thaler
@drandrewthaler.bsky.social · Bluesky

There was a good study on this a few years back. Emissions of Ultrafine Particles and Volatile Organic Compounds from Commercially Available Desktop Three-Dimensional Printers with Multiple Filaments pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/...

Apr 11, 2024 · 4 likes · 1 share View post →
Loren Brichter
@lorenb · X

@alexandrosM @deeveemee27 PLA is probably the safest of the bunch (depending on brand), but they def emit particulates. I keep mine in the garage, don’t let the kids hang out around it while it’s going. https://t.co/UI3R0xoFfh

Dec 12, 2021 · 2 likes · 29,363 followers View post →
Reto Fiolka
@RetoPaul · X

@Maurice_Y_Lee You seem to be right on your instincts. 3D printing generates Ultra-fine particles and volatile organic compounds: https://t.co/9ngmH1H8jm I guess the volatile compounds will diminish when you leave the printed part out in the air (or in vacuum chamber).

Apr 3, 2020 · 1 like · 7,047 followers View post →
Butternut Sippycup
@MasterCoe · X

@ModBotArmy @loyalmoses https://t.co/FJs5pdUwHB

May 7, 2023 · 1 like · 130 followers View post →
re:printed 3D
@reprinted3D · X

RT @AzzyDesignWorks: Learning about a study from 2016 that shows how much plastic a 3d printer can put in the air for the first time today.…

Feb 4, 2025 · 1 share · 1,873 followers View post →

All mentions

re:printed 3D
@reprinted3D · X

RT @AzzyDesignWorks: Learning about a study from 2016 that shows how much plastic a 3d printer can put in the air for the first time today.…

Feb 4, 2025 · 1 share · 1,873 followers View post →
Azzys Design Works
@AzzyDesignWorks · X

Learning about a study from 2016 that shows how much plastic a 3d printer can put in the air for the first time today.

Feb 4, 2025 · 5 likes · 1 share · 1,102 followers View post →
Andrew D Thaler
@drandrewthaler.bsky.social · Bluesky

There was a good study on this a few years back. Emissions of Ultrafine Particles and Volatile Organic Compounds from Commercially Available Desktop Three-Dimensional Printers with Multiple Filaments pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/...

Apr 11, 2024 · 4 likes · 1 share View post →
Butternut Sippycup
@MasterCoe · X

@ModBotArmy @loyalmoses https://t.co/FJs5pdUwHB

May 7, 2023 · 1 like · 130 followers View post →
Loren Brichter
@lorenb · X

@alexandrosM @deeveemee27 PLA is probably the safest of the bunch (depending on brand), but they def emit particulates. I keep mine in the garage, don’t let the kids hang out around it while it’s going. https://t.co/UI3R0xoFfh

Dec 12, 2021 · 2 likes · 29,363 followers View post →
Reto Fiolka
@RetoPaul · X

@Maurice_Y_Lee You seem to be right on your instincts. 3D printing generates Ultra-fine particles and volatile organic compounds: https://t.co/9ngmH1H8jm I guess the volatile compounds will diminish when you leave the printed part out in the air (or in vacuum chamber).

Apr 3, 2020 · 1 like · 7,047 followers View post →
Martin Brice
@MartinBrice14 · X

@testedcom Just read this: https://t.co/JPNBGOw5SV Are 3d printing fumes a thing to watch out for? Are they harmful within a smaller room, say, 100 square feet? Does one need a casing around it with ventilation?

Mar 26, 2020 · 7 followers View post →
MisterMaker
@MisterMakerNL_ · X

@KingRahl3D @GregoireSaunier @Zimple3D @FilamentFrenzy @crussty @_Tinkerz I found a real research! https://t.co/mKCvEKvsy3 Conclusion: Don't print ABS without gas and particle filter if you work or live in the same room.

Sep 9, 2019 · 652 followers View post →
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For those that would like to know more about your printer's emissions!
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

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Is there any good enclosure for prusa mini+ : r/prusa3d
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... , hairdryers, or... kitchens. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20087407/ · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · More replies.

May 10, 2024 View →
Есть какие-нибудь хорошие корпуса для Prusa Mini+? : r/prusa3d
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... свечи, фены или... кухни. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20087407/ · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · Еще ответы.

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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983#:~:text=The%20individual%20VOCs%20emitted%20in,%2Fmin)%2C%20and%20lactide%20from%2C ...

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https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. ❖ Afshar-Mohajer, N.; Wu, C. Y.; Ladun, T.; Rajon, D. A.; Huang, Y. Characterization of particulate ...

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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. For VOCs, ABS and nylon are the worst, PLA is much better. PLA still produces particulate ...

Oct 24, 2023 View →
PM 2.5 and VOC Test : r/BambuLab
Reddit

... outside the range a cheap pm2.5 can detect unfortunately. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · TheOGTechCowboy. OP • 2y ...

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Lost my paper, what chemical is this ??
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

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... more to it than the fragment that was quoted by Chicks2Nerds in their comment. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · ze410t. • 2y ...

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3D printing polymers for cultural heritage applications
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

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【科普】3D打印释放的气体有害吗?
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根据Environmental Science and Technology 的研究(https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est. ... 5b04983),ABS 和HIPS 长丝会产生大量苯乙烯 ...

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acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. TL;DR: ABS/Nylon/Woodfill 这些玩意儿会释放出一堆好玩又刺激的VOCs ...

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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. TLDR: ABS/Nylon/Woodfill og lignende slipper ut en ...

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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. TL;DR: ABS/Nylon/Woodfill dan bahan-bahan macam tu ...

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Reddit

acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. 要するに:ABS/ナイロン/ウッドフィルなどは、楽しくて ...

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acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. 懶人包:ABS/尼龍/木質填充等等會釋放出一堆有趣又刺激的揮發性有機 ...

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před 3 r. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. TL;DR: ABS/Nylon/Woodfill a podobný ...

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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. Kısaca: ABS/Naylon/Woodfill ve benzeri malzemeler ...

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acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983/suppl_file/es5b04983_si_001.pdf. 요약: ABS/나일론/우드필 같은 애들은 재밌고 신나는 VOCs 섞어서 뿜어 ...

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... tapi PLA mungkin ok. https://3dinsider.com/3d-printer-fumes/?amp · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · stray_r. • 4 thn lalu.

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... PLA kan være ok. https://3dinsider.com/3d-printer-fumes/?amp · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · u/stray_r-avatar.

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... , возможно, нормально. https://3dinsider.com/3d-printer-fumes/?amp · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · stray_r. • 4 г.

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... 的不好,但PLA 也许可以。 https://3dinsider.com/3d-printer-fumes/?amp · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · stray_r. • 4年前.

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... 很糟糕,但PLA 可能還可以。 https://3dinsider.com/3d-printer-fumes/?amp · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · stray_r. • 4 年 ...

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... könnte in Ordnung sein. https://3dinsider.com/3d-printer-fumes/?amp · https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983# · stray_r. • vor 4 ...

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Apr 14, 2021 View →
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https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. tl;dr: PLA slipper ut små mengder lactide, men ikke nok til å bekymre seg. ABS trenger ...

Apr 14, 2021 View →
I just bought a Adventurer 3 and... : r/FlashForge
Reddit

... acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. In the article they mention abs from flashforge being something they tested against. Furthermore i ...

Jan 30, 2021 View →
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Reddit

acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. 文章里提到他们测试了Flashforge的ABS。而且,我还咨询了几个专家。我认识一个塑料和玻璃纤维专家团队,他们说 ...

Jan 30, 2021 View →
你们用什么通风装置来打印ABS的? : r/FlashForge
Reddit

... 了。如果你目前没有减轻你的烟雾,我建议你考虑一下 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · TheBupherNinja. • 5年前 • 5年 ...

Jan 6, 2021 View →
你們都用什麼來搞ABS 列印的通風設備啊? : r/FlashForge
Reddit

... 印。如果你目前沒有減輕你的煙霧,我建議你考慮一下 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · TheBupherNinja. • 5 年前 • 5 年 ...

Jan 6, 2021 View →
Hva bruker dere for ventilasjonsoppsett for utskrift i ABS? : r ...
Reddit

... foreslår jeg at du vurderer det https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · TheBupherNinja. • for 5 år siden • Redigert for ...

Jan 6, 2021 View →
What are you guys using for ventilation setups for printing in ABS? : r ...
Reddit

... mitigating your fumes I suggest you consider it https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · TheBupherNinja. • 5y ago • Edited 5y ago.

Jan 6, 2021 View →
Ребят, какую систему вентиляции вы используете для печати ...
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... я предлагаю тебе подумать об этом https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · TheBupherNinja. • 5 л. назад • , Отредактированные ...

Jan 6, 2021 View →
New printer - Questions : r/CR6
Reddit

... acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. Qunitessential, with ABS you would not want to sit in the same room, with PLA the microparticles could ...

Nov 16, 2020 View →
PLA fumes and dogs in bedroom? : r/3Dprinting
Reddit

... a single printer with PLA.. Here's some reading on a paper on the topic: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983.

Sep 2, 2020 View →
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50.1260A). doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 (https://doi.org/10.1021%2Facs.est. 5b04983). ISSN 0013-936X ...

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Oh the other hand, the available science, e.g. https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs. est.5b04983 Indicates that while the levels of "bad ...

Apr 23, 2019 View →
noticed the emissions clips are out in full force again while YES it ...
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

Nov 20, 2018 View →
what are the health risks of desktop 3D Printers?
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

Nov 20, 2018 View →
Alarming research has indicated that toxic ultrafine particles are ...
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

Nov 18, 2018 View →
This is important to read and gives a short summary of the effects of ...
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

Mar 29, 2018 View →
Let's talk about 3D Printing emissions | by Nicolas Roux | Medium
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... acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. All OEHHA Acute, 8-hour and Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (chRELs) as of June 2016 https://oehha ...

Nov 7, 2017 View →
Qu'est-ce qui est émis par nos imprimantes 3D ? | by Nicolas Roux ...
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Qu'est-ce qui est émis par nos imprimantes 3D ? Avez-vous déjà ... acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. All OEHHA Acute, 8-hour and ...

Nov 5, 2017 View →
Environmental Impacts of Widespread 3D printing | PPTX
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Environmental implications: Toxic exposure DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04983. Environ. Environmental implications: Toxic exposure “These 3D ...

Feb 27, 2017 View →
hey all my 3D printing friends- saw at work today a series of emails ...
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... acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.est. 5b04983 Chemical Composition and Toxicity of Particles Emitted from a Consumer-Level 3D Printer Using ...

Dec 9, 2016 View →
3D 打印会刺激过敏吗? : r/3Dprinting
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ABS 会产生苯乙烯气体。你应该把那玩意儿排出去。 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983.

Feb 7, 2016 View →
3D baskı alerjileri mi tetikliyor? : r/3Dprinting
Reddit

ABS stiren gazı yapar. O boku havalandırmalısın. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983.

Feb 7, 2016 View →
3d printing irritating allergies? : r/3Dprinting
Reddit

ABS makes styrene gas. You should vent that crap. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983.

Feb 7, 2016 View →
3d-printtaus ärsyttää allergioita? : r/3Dprinting
Reddit

ABS tekee styreenikaasua. Sun pitäis tuulettaa sitä paskaa. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983 · Wizzle-Stick. • 10 v sitten.

Feb 7, 2016 View →
[deleted by user] : r/3Dprinting
Reddit

Uh, it's harmful to humans too! Latest research doesn't look pretty. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b04983.

Feb 2, 2016 View →
Buyer Beware Of 3-D Printer Emissions
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2016, DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b04983). The researchers tested the emissions of five commercially available desktop 3-D polymer-extrusion ...

Jan 25, 2016 View →