PubHawk
PeerJ July 2017 PMID 28740745

Investigating the running abilities of using stress-constrained multibody dynamic analysis.

William I Sellers, Stuart B Pond, Charlotte A Brassey, Philip L Manning, Karl T Bates

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Mentions

204
Peak: 12 in Jul 2023
across 5 sources since Mar 2019

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1,263,314
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Total likes

20,454

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1,039,112

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Mar 2019 – Dec 2025

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AI synopsis

What people are saying

The discussions heavily emphasize the scientific consensus that T. rex was too heavy to run fast, citing studies such as Sellers et al. 2017 and biomechanical analyses, with users referencing specific velocities and models. The tone is analytical and respectful, highlighting the technical depth of the research and its influence on paleontology debates.

AgreementModerate agreement

Most discussions concur that the research supports the idea that Tyrannosaurus rex couldn't run at high speeds, aligning with the article's findings.

InterestHigh interest

Posts express high interest, mentioning specific biomechanical methods and referencing multiple scientific studies and models.

EngagementHigh engagement

Discussions are detailed, with several users referencing specific figures, models, and scientific papers, indicating deep engagement.

ImpactModerate impact

While there is recognition of the scientific insights, the overall impact appears moderate, mainly influencing academic understanding rather than public discourse.

Abstract in brief

  • This study explores the running capabilities of a giant predatory dinosaur by combining biomechanical techniques—multibody dynamic analysis and skeletal stress analysis—to better estimate its top speed and understand its movement limitations.
  • The findings suggest that, contrary to previous beliefs based on limb length, the dinosaur’s skeletal loads would be too high for true running, meaning it was likely limited to walking speeds.
  • By using this multiphysics approach, the research provides more accurate predictions about dinosaur locomotion and challenges the idea that large bipedal dinosaurs were capable of high-speed pursuits, showcasing the value of integrated biomechanical analysis.]
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Top posts

Most liked on X and Bluesky
Verónica Díez Díaz, PhD
@Daniajinn · X

Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD https://t.co/KNsdotDM9T https://t.co/VvZwj8545I https://t.co/tZWO2vLVlQ

Jan 23, 2022 · 150 likes · 7 shares · 2,796 followers View post →
Federico Kukso
@fedkukso · X

Así se movía el T. rex según los últimos estudios biomecánicos . . El paper: https://t.co/exLCqnHFdc https://t.co/rkg7rP0OIm

Apr 2, 2019 · 18 likes · 53,159 followers View post →
Ausarchosaur is counting the days til PhP Ice Age
@ausar_the · X

References: https://t.co/ybsMTSsomO https://t.co/R9S6daV8oJ https://t.co/cBpNIzXEpw https://t.co/PcMkg7Ra5V https://t.co/8YzxHtozvr https://t.co/nDrlx9jIoY

Jan 2, 2023 · 15 likes · 7,088 followers View post →
Vincent Reneleau
@VincentReneleau · X

L'étude en question (T. rex incapable de courir): https://t.co/nh9cM7jIiF

Jan 7, 2023 · 14 likes · 11,150 followers View post →
冠龍 諸々を執筆中
@Guanlong_wucaii · X

#地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex using stress-constrained multibody dynamic analysis." 著者] William I. Sellers, et al. (2017) https://t.co/5oBeeANXen https://t.co/4fS98GzwDi

Jul 15, 2023 · 13 likes · 5 shares · 2,153 followers View post →
チャンネルDの中の人
@Dinosaur_ch_D · X

文献 Blanco & Mazzetta (2001) https://t.co/b53DikovBT Reolid et al. (2021) https://t.co/bbDeaI8qt6 Sellers, et al. (2017) https://t.co/2chF5hpF9T Therrien and Henderson (2007) https://t.co/VezH4Rpq32

Feb 17, 2023 · 12 likes · 2,078 followers View post →

All mentions

Survival of Titanoboa in the Cretaceous Ecosystem

What if the largest prehistoric snake, Titanoboa, were placed into the Cretaceous period's ecosystems, coexisting with creatures like T. rex? Explore whether this massive serpent could dominate or struggle in this harsh…

The Overseer · Dec 6, 2025 25,574 views
JazzyJ wants to take a nap but can’t
@JazzyjoeT · X

@BobJenkinsfr @DudespostingWs https://t.co/9uGzT4ihfK here's your source

Oct 27, 2025 · 73 followers View post →
SmonΣy 〓〓
@SmoneyDota · X

@SpikyGamer99 @LocalBateman By just being big. It’s pretty certain that the legs could not sustain a running gait https://t.co/qWpTsOVq3P

May 31, 2025 · 159 followers View post →
....
@Drsgo56 · X

RT @JohnRHutchinson: Dynamic simulation of T. rex suggests it could only walk, not run, lest it break its leg bones: https://t.co/0PodfThWh…

Mar 19, 2025 · 328 shares · 163 followers View post →
Pasha van Bijlert
@PashavanBijlert · X

@miniapeur @SteveBrusatte @KingChar1esIV @PrincessAiraB @Chalkologist @InvertebratePal @raheem07183 I use direct collocation & mathematical optimization for my simulations (so not ML I think), like here: https://t.co/D0H3sH5Dnk Bill Sellers uses ML for his biomechanical models (eg https://t.co/B5Yhy9a15N), essentially so they "learn" how to move.

Dec 30, 2023 · 3 likes · 1,231 followers View post →
Luigi
@Antrodemus · X

@p0quess1ng @filan_v5 What has been scientifically published on T. rex does not support the model of a long-distance pursuit predator. It's a ~9 ton animal that could not enter an airborne phase during locomotion. See Sellers et al 2017. https://t.co/LbbDADAft8

Dec 15, 2023 · 5 likes · 8,214 followers View post →
rk-T_ra
@rktra6700 · X

RT @Guanlong_wucaii: #地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex usi…

Jul 16, 2023 · 5 shares · 366 followers View post →
IndoJuacoraptor the game (DM for commissions)
@juacoraptor · X

RT @Guanlong_wucaii: #地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex usi…

Jul 15, 2023 · 5 shares · 611 followers View post →
けーえぬ
@KnJhehduurbrnf · X

RT @Guanlong_wucaii: #地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex usi…

Jul 15, 2023 · 5 shares · 908 followers View post →
dinos
@dinos95213945 · X

RT @Guanlong_wucaii: #地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex usi…

Jul 15, 2023 · 5 shares · 181 followers View post →
インペリアルコンボイ
@RYOTAHAGA · X

RT @Guanlong_wucaii: #地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex usi…

Jul 15, 2023 · 5 shares · 4,037 followers View post →
冠龍 諸々を執筆中
@Guanlong_wucaii · X

#地球ドラマチック シリーズ 恐竜アドベンチャー 第3話 ティラノサウルスの真実 番組で紹介された研究はコチラ "Investigating the running abilities of Tyrannosaurus rex using stress-constrained multibody dynamic analysis." 著者] William I. Sellers, et al. (2017) https://t.co/5oBeeANXen https://t.co/4fS98GzwDi

Jul 15, 2023 · 13 likes · 5 shares · 2,153 followers View post →
Stu Pond
@PaleoStu · X

@Dave_Hone Really cool sequence with @peterfalkingham’s and his cool research, love the ostrich tracking. The run cycle is from @wisellers GaitSym, I built the skeletal model. Our paper is here: https://t.co/YllvEqoYap

Feb 26, 2023 · 2 likes · 2,669 followers View post →
チャンネルDの中の人
@Dinosaur_ch_D · X

文献 Blanco & Mazzetta (2001) https://t.co/b53DikovBT Reolid et al. (2021) https://t.co/bbDeaI8qt6 Sellers, et al. (2017) https://t.co/2chF5hpF9T Therrien and Henderson (2007) https://t.co/VezH4Rpq32

Feb 17, 2023 · 12 likes · 2,078 followers View post →
PeerJ - the Journal of Life & Environment
@PeerJLife · X

RT @gladeolie: #Tyrannosaurus running speed https://t.co/AJiAPavbuG via @PeerJLife

Feb 7, 2023 · 1 share · 3,684 followers View post →
ARYAN®
@gladeolie · X

#Tyrannosaurus running speed https://t.co/AJiAPavbuG via @PeerJLife

Feb 5, 2023 · 1 like · 1 share · 1,502 followers View post →
Vincent Reneleau
@VincentReneleau · X

L'étude en question (T. rex incapable de courir): https://t.co/nh9cM7jIiF

Jan 7, 2023 · 14 likes · 11,150 followers View post →
Ausarchosaur is counting the days til PhP Ice Age
@ausar_the · X

References: https://t.co/ybsMTSsomO https://t.co/R9S6daV8oJ https://t.co/cBpNIzXEpw https://t.co/PcMkg7Ra5V https://t.co/8YzxHtozvr https://t.co/nDrlx9jIoY

Jan 2, 2023 · 15 likes · 7,088 followers View post →
Professor John R. Hutchinson
@JohnRHutchinson · X

@dmarthal Closest thing: https://t.co/0PodfT0kTd

Oct 17, 2022 · 1 like · 14,061 followers View post →
Z.Wei
@weiinkyoto · X

@_TomoyoSakagami https://t.co/ON0ie1ucZw

Jun 26, 2022 · 1 like · 237 followers View post →
Scott Frank
@hollywoodsapien · X

@FossilLocator Almost certainly not - they couldn't even RUN more than 12 mph without breaking their legs. https://t.co/dK5WihS9TJ

Apr 20, 2022 · 3 likes · 556 followers View post →
Sergio Muñoz. Respeto vidas, no ideas
@semuve · X

RT @Daniajinn: Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD http…

Jan 24, 2022 · 7 shares · 698 followers View post →
Spacecat
@spacecaaaat · X

RT @Daniajinn: Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD http…

Jan 24, 2022 · 7 shares · 857 followers View post →
michelangelo13
@micheleangelo13 · X

RT @Daniajinn: Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD http…

Jan 23, 2022 · 7 shares · 1,534 followers View post →
Thubandactylus. L'Ignito Nefario.
@Thuban_Isesi · X

RT @Daniajinn: Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD http…

Jan 23, 2022 · 7 shares · 742 followers View post →
Eloy Manzanero
@EloyManzanero · X

RT @Daniajinn: Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD http…

Jan 23, 2022 · 7 shares · 1,029 followers View post →
Verónica Díez Díaz, PhD
@Daniajinn · X

Y aquí los enlaces a los artículos científicos: https://t.co/3yhrcaQv91 https://t.co/XtawbLQDC8 https://t.co/nXhymKpeRD https://t.co/KNsdotDM9T https://t.co/VvZwj8545I https://t.co/tZWO2vLVlQ

Jan 23, 2022 · 150 likes · 7 shares · 2,796 followers View post →
ォ
@RougeguoL · X

Tyrannosaurus running speed https://t.co/8tqfHG8EaS via @PeerJLife

Sep 3, 2021 · 115 followers View post →
Pablo Pereira. Alis volat propriis.
@Earlgreylipton · X

Tyrannosaurus running speed https://t.co/cwpGrQhq7V via @thePeerJ

May 18, 2021 · 898 followers View post →
てぃーてっく
@T_tech_arcadia · X

恐竜の走行速度に関する研究について、最近のはどんなかんじかな？と思ってちょっとティラノサウルスの走行についての記事を読んでます

Apr 16, 2021 · 8 likes · 588 followers View post →
Pasha van Bijlert
@PashavanBijlert · X

@BrianUmberger This is probably too far from a clinical application, but I really like Sellers et al 2017 (https://t.co/mWXPaXiGcw), where they combine an MBDA model with & Euler-Bernoulli beam theory to rule out very fast running gaits for Tyrannosaurus rex

Apr 9, 2021 · 4 likes · 1,231 followers View post →
Stu Pond
@PaleoStu · X

Paper here: https://t.co/YllvEqoYap

Apr 7, 2021 · 2 likes · 2,669 followers View post →
Vary - @VaryIngweion@neopaquita.es
@VaryIngweion · X

@SinuheDiogenes @AgarthaEmma Sobre el tema de biomecánica… es un campo de estudio muy interesante. Se realizan estudios serios, mucho mejores que las locas ideas de cualquier charlatán chiflado. https://t.co/adZ5Ycq0hS https://t.co/5mUMQagFxI

Oct 23, 2020 · 1 like · 26,438 followers View post →
William Sellers
@wisellers · X

@PVTprofessional Do you mean this one? https://t.co/8RmqlHgBWz

Jun 10, 2019 · 1 like · 1 share · 430 followers View post →
Graciela Melgarejo
@gramelgar · X

RT @fedkukso: El T. rex era demasiado pesado como para correr. Según estimaciones solo podía alcanzar alrededor de 19 km por hora. ➡️ htt…

Apr 2, 2019 · 1 share · 9,325 followers View post →
Federico Kukso
@fedkukso · X

Así se movía el T. rex según los últimos estudios biomecánicos . . El paper: https://t.co/exLCqnHFdc https://t.co/rkg7rP0OIm

Apr 2, 2019 · 18 likes · 53,159 followers View post →
Federico Kukso
@fedkukso · X

El T. rex era demasiado pesado como para correr. Según estimaciones solo podía alcanzar alrededor de 19 km por hora. ➡️ https://t.co/exLCqnHFdc https://t.co/X3EzTNigWO

Apr 2, 2019 · 6 likes · 1 share · 53,159 followers View post →
karthik
@KartikPradeepan · X

A later study showed that even 11m/s would have been too fast as its bones would have shattered under the pressure. More likely it was only able to run ~6m/s. Good chance it was a speed-walking animal. https://t.co/7QOv0looYG

Mar 25, 2019 · 293 followers View post →
Jojira
@Goji_Saurus · X

@Benris84 " Figure 3A shows the maximum velocities achieved, which peaks at a speed of 7.7 ms−1 for the high stress limit conditions", from the actual paper: https://t.co/HWAVO6vLkY Another paper, roughly from the same time, also mentions 17 mph: https://t.co/fnKzLUMsw4

Mar 20, 2019 · 6,315 followers View post →