Dose-response association of dietary sodium intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Abstract in brief

• The systematic review and meta-analysis examined the relationship between dietary sodium intake and the risk of death from all causes and cardiovascular disease (CVD), finding a significant nonlinear increase in CVD mortality risk with higher sodium levels, especially above 2400 mg/day, based on urinary sodium excretion data.
• No significant linear or nonlinear link was found between dietary sodium intake and overall mortality, and the association with CVD mortality was primarily observed in studies conducted in the USA.
• The findings suggest that high urinary sodium excretion is associated with increased CVD mortality risk, but the relationship between dietary sodium intake and mortality remains complex and may vary depending on how sodium intake is measured.]