Propionic acid produced by Cutibacterium acnes fermentation ameliorates ultraviolet B-induced melanin synthesis.

Abstract in brief

• The study finds that propionic acid, produced by the fermentation of Cutibacterium acnes, can significantly reduce melanin synthesis by inhibiting tyrosinase activity through binding to the free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFAR2), making it a potential natural alternative for skin whitening without safety concerns.
• Propionic acid does not affect the proliferation of melanocytes or the growth of C. acnes bacteria, indicating it is safe for skin and microbiome health while effectively reducing hyperpigmentation in both cell cultures and mouse skin tissue.
• The findings suggest that fermentation metabolites like propionic acid could provide a natural, harmless solution for reducing skin pigmentation caused by UV exposure, offering a safer alternative to chemical whitening products.]