Reproducibility of cerebrovascular reactivity measurements: A systematic review of neuroimaging techniques.

I’m proud to join more than 30 colleagues today in sharing our analysis of potential risks from “mirror life”. We summarize our findings in a @science.org article, and in greater detail in a 300pg technical report: Article: www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... Report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Frequent Q is how mirror bacterium could persist in nature. Marine Prochlorococcus good example. Little downside in terms of competitiveness + resistant to protists and phages. Net positive growth allows invasion. See Chapter 8 of technical report here: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Not sure how worried I should be about mirror bacteria, but looking forward to read the report. Which looks pretty promising when I skim it - I wish people analysed certain other potential risks with this level of thoroughness! https://t.co/OLgEG3WeSh https://t.co/6IIzdm9v2L

All the gory details about this can be found in the full technical report. All the antibodies, etc., depend on detecting pathogens in the first place, and those sensors are adapted to natural chirality. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

The scientists lay out a diet for mirror cells in their technical report. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Scientists, including a 2009 Nobel Prize winner. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Scientists are warning about creating “mirror life,” by Micah Hanks. A radical new concept in synthetic biology, could potentially have dangerous repercussions. . tinyurl.com/yc4bbcwj See report on the danger in the Stanford Univ DIGITAL ARCHIVE (eg not yet published) purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

They publish their concerns about the risk of genetically engineering "mirror life" (with DNA whose "chirality" is left-handed rather than right-handed)—almost certainly an apocalyptic, existential threat to all life on Earth (PDF): https://t.co/YQJsrD45IW

"This report describes the technical feasibility of creating mirror bacteria and the potentially serious and wide-ranging risks that they could pose to humans, animals, plants, and the environment." https://t.co/AFVsDjhhZn https://t.co/eZM6eFgLe3

purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Stanford: Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks (Dec 2024) https://t.co/vHvnzLzYV0 https://t.co/Nx47oTxpvF

*Weaponized "mirror bacteria" that turn everything into gray goo *Could that really happen, well, yeah, maybe https://purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

By testing before publication of a new threat. Our work on mirror bacteria showed how they may evade predators & immunity—possibly becoming widely invasive & causing lethal infections. Could AI duplicate novel reasoning that contradicted prevailing wisdom? https://t.co/Cp4YS9zV7d

https://t.co/7FTEguoKPr

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks | Stanford Digital Repository https://t.co/W3acxfVK1U

Finally had the time to work through the context, risk & potential countermeasures. I really do not want to work on "mirror phage". Folks working in this space... please read and share. Policy piece: www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... Technical report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Would it be like cellulose for many species? Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks | Stanford Digital Repository purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Would it be like cellulose for many species? Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks | Stanford Digital Repository https://t.co/ydKqlh67ZY

【全球300位科學家，同聲警戒「#鏡像生命」】 「AI 自動搜索人工生命」 可模擬生命的可能性、其預防危險性 https://t.co/u0bF3mslRt 個人理解、大約像是個生命創造沙盒。 類似古早家機，一個細胞進化遊戲 名字一時間想不起來... https://t.co/9uTSUSqZU5

科學家警告：十年內「鏡像生命」或許威脅人類！AI發現全新「人工生命」！| 科學漫談 | Linvo說宇宙 https://t.co/ZLOzL8QFmL via @YouTube

科學家警告：十年內「鏡像生命」或許威脅人類！AI發現全新「人工生命」！| 科學漫談 | Linvo說宇宙 https://t.co/4f3guxcSFX 來自 @YouTube

https://t.co/Ie4YyFATOi

We need a global ban, or at least extremely careful control, on mirror life research. Imagine an artificial bacteria against which no human or creature can defend. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

https://t.co/BTyTCNMUU6

Now there’s a new, horrendous prospect of synthetic “Mirror Life” that really could unravel life with chiral bacteria & DNA: https://t.co/BTyTCNNsJE Think of it as Neo-Thalidomide for the Disruption of All Life. https://t.co/hmD9CnDi5Y

Here we are worrying about AI, where the real civilisation extinction event might be synthetic bacteria with opposite chirality

Here we are worrying about AI, where the real civilisation extinction event might be synthetic bacteria with opposite chirality

https://t.co/Q7AjejppYn

@TheRedactedInc @thefoodbabe https://t.co/Xmi6yAujt3

@TuckerCarlson https://t.co/Xmi6yAujt3

@TuckerCarlson https://t.co/Xmi6yAujt3

@Rust_And_Decay @RealAlexJones https://t.co/Xmi6yAujt3

@Lukewearechange https://t.co/Xmi6yAujt3

@TimcastNews https://t.co/Xmi6yAujt3

ミラーバクテリアに関する技術レポート：実現可能性とリスク https://t.co/gW6sUYhdIg

I looked through parts of the technical report https://t.co/7A1B6CdMdk and generally agree with all their conclusions, but I do think there could be "black swan" tech developments that weren’t deeply discussed. Let’s start with a brief history of recent developments. 3/n

Co-author here! DAMPs, ROS, and some other mechanisms could indeed still work, but with the severe impairments to other parts of the innate and adaptive immune systems, it is unlikely that they’d save humans from mirror bacterial infection. More in ch 4 of the report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036.

@PopMech Well, won't you look at this @NationSilico. What do you think? Link to the original study https://t.co/ikZPiUgzts

Sintetička biologija je zanimljiva naučna oblast, evo jedne analize rizika koje sa sobom nosi stvaranje ogledalskih jedinjenja - https://t.co/SitOaqFygi https://t.co/nmA76fCQXf

一見すると荒唐無稽だが、元ネタの技術報告（全288ページ！）では、鏡像異性体から構成されるバクテリアの実現可能性を詳細に検討している。 元ネタが "mirror bacteria" と微生物に話を絞っている点は超重要。キラリティを気にしなくてもいい単純な分子のみで必須栄養素を賄える生物でないと、そもそも培養不可能らしい。これが脊椎動物あたりになってくると必須アミノ酸を餌に依存するから、予め鏡像化された餌生物を作っておかないと、自然界で増殖しえないだろう。 purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Does wondering how we haven't managed to kill every living organism on this planet count? : purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

@AUF1TV Wen es interessiert https://t.co/xZ59ThGavL

purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks #HackerNews https://t.co/UlFFKH2FjP ↓↓↓

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks https://purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036 [comments] [3 points]

'Mirror life forms' may sound like science fiction, but scientists warn they could be deadly to humans and destroy the environment https://t.co/YRgPI1YNM4 Confronting risks of mirror life https://t.co/CcGgtolfCI + technical analysis https://t.co/KGAohlVU7t #enantiomers https://t.co/xkrZkGGMvO

RT @pascalkwanten: ⚠️☠️ ❗️Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks https://t.co/pnZ9U2swlr

⚠️☠️ ❗️Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks https://t.co/pnZ9U2swlr

"This report describes the technical feasibility of creating mirror bacteria and the potentially serious and wide-ranging risks that they could pose to humans, other animals, plants, and the environment." https://t.co/x0dGuJodju #mirrorlife #vidaespejo

https://t.co/FVzLEokQi0 FFS. More protests to attend, this is evil.

Dozens of scientists, including two Nobel laureates and Dr. Craig Venter, warned others to end research on mirror cells. They say such a microbe could pose potentially serious and wide-ranging risks to humans, other animals, plants, and the environment. https://t.co/Z3ZkDKUfaT

Two additional points: 1) What matters for any microbe’s persistence in the environment is the balance between growth & death. Mirror bacteria will resist most predation, so could be invasive even if not good resource competitors. See chapter 8 in long tecnical report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Co-author of the paper here! Infection in humans is discussed in detail in ch4 of the technical report. There are achiral nutrients (table 1.1) that a mirror bacterium could eat, or it could be engineered to eat chiral ones. Feel free to reach out with more Qs! purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Hi folks, here's your daily portion of technical reports on mirror bacteria! Enjoy!

https://t.co/iiPfbvc6J8

@C_A_G0101 @ejustin46 Oui, incroyable, je n'avais jamais entendu parlé de ces enzymes ! C'est ce que je viens d'apprendre en survolant le rapport détaillé ! https://t.co/3kFg2mjp1w

https://t.co/T7jEQGOVqF

If you are young and think you might live to a 150, here is something to dent your optimism….mirror cells. https://t.co/ctUGsZ4y0u

I defer to the authors and their super-long report! purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036 But a quick ctrl-f suggests one proposed mechanism is that wrong-handed amino acids do exist at low levels in the environment, which may be sufficient. Who knows, of course, but given the risk that ‘life finds a way’…

@curiouswavefn @jasoncrawford Hi Ash, coauthor of the mirror life paper here. The technical report addresses your points: metabolizing nutrients in Ch 1 and 4.5, and evolution of mirror bacteria in Ch 8 (including discussing HGT) https://t.co/9BZFa8ijUN. Infection in humans is ch4. Feel free to reach out with

Hi Mark! Coauthor of the paper here. Some antibodies would bind, but overall antibody response would likely be impaired by upstream issues with inflammation and downstream issues with antigen presentation. See section 4.3 of the technical report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

"...even likely, that sufficiently robust mirror bacteria could spread through the environment unchecked by natural biological controls and act as dangerous opportunistic pathogens in an unprecedentedly wide range of other multicellular organisms, including humans." purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Co-author of the Science paper here! Seems likely it could survive. Check out chapter 8 of the technical report for discussion of ecological aspects, Ch 4 & 6 for survival in humans & animal, and Ch 7 for plants: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036. Feel free to reach out if you have remaining questions

Η έκθεσή τους, σχεδόν 300 σελίδες

One week left to submit your abstracts for #ICTC13 We accept abstracts on all aspects of #cyanobacteria and their effects. Existential threats from mirror #cyanobacteria are now included in topics

What the hell guys. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036 This possibly makes the CRISPR/CAS9 mosquito idea look downright safe. And _that_ was grey goo nanites gone wild bad.

purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

El comentario salió en la revista Science el día de ayer, atado a un estudio técnico de la Universidad Stanford de casi 300 páginas. Science: science.org/doi/10.1126/... Stanford: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

El comentario salió en la revista Science el día de ayer, atado a un estudio técnico de la Universidad Stanford de casi 300 páginas. Science: https://t.co/UWJChpsMWI Stanford: https://t.co/8lrTlAbRn9

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks | Stanford Digital Repository https://t.co/kHMCd9TsZZ

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks Report describes technical feasibility of creating mirror bacteria and the potentially serious and wide-ranging risks that they could pose to humans, other animals, plants, and the environment. - https://t.co/eRUCEVdzxK

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks | Stanford Digital Repository purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

For you science nerds, Zimmer offers to commenters a deeper dive into a study looking at the risks: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036 And one looking at the origins: pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC...

New nightmare just dropped. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

https://t.co/nIiyLWDzia

"Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks" https://t.co/2n64DBpxNI

https://t.co/gLtyvk9RXA @R_H_Ebright @RolandBakerIII

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks | Stanford Digital Repository Scientists urge others to STOP research on mirror cells #chirality #matter #antimatter #polarity https://t.co/JbQM2SPsce https://t.co/4XEkweWQKb

Frequent Q is how mirror bacterium could persist in nature. Marine Prochlorococcus good example. Little downside in terms of competitiveness + resistant to protists and phages. Net positive growth allows invasion. See Chapter 8 of technical report here: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Mirror marine Prochlorococcus is one example. Little downside in terms of competitiveness, and resistant to protists and phages. Net positive growth allows invasion. See Chapter 8 of technical report here: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Full report here: https://t.co/xhvLYfYI9b

Mirror Cells, Mirror Cells. https://t.co/xLGW96ZvOj

Here's the full technical report that accompanies the article. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

We probably should not mess with the mirror bacteria until we are confident in it abilities to handle them if they escape the lab https://t.co/EoReDr0H1D https://t.co/eHSAjgJx2Q

The scientists predict that mirror cells would reach the blood and then multiply unchecked, producing a lethal case of sepsis. See Chapter 4 of the technical report purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

If the article didn't convince you, I'd like to hear your refutation of the full report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

"Once inside, mirror versions of common bacteria such as Escherichia coli would be able to grow on achiral nutrients such as glycerol." p.2 from the technical report. Lots more in later chapters: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks: https://t.co/tL8zuI83U1 Call for halt on ‘mirror life’ microbe research in Guardian: https://t.co/LrEv4ldmwC https://t.co/NlihEtbaYs

So, we can hypothesize why the aliens died at the end of the "War of the Worlds." They were a mirror life. PS I am glad they didn't have bacteria contamination with them. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Plenty of scientific papers in the bibliography for the technical report, no science fiction. Judge for yourself. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

From p.19 of the technical report: "it appears unlikely that any natural-chirality organic compounds would prove unusually toxic to most mirror bacteria at the very low concentrations typically present in most environments." purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

I’d be grateful if you read the synopsis of our technical report, then glad to follow up if you are still unconvinced. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

The scientists lay out a diet for mirror cells in their technical report. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Source: "Technical Report on Mirror Bacteria: Feasibility and Risks" https://t.co/4QhWB4OVPc

"[M]any of the steps required to process and present antigens for T cell activation are stereospecific and would likely fail, severely limiting B cell activation and the production of antibodies." See tech report for disc of what's known, what's inferred. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Faire des énantiomères de petites molécules, c'est déjà un défi. Construire des protéines énantiomères, pas certain que nous y parvenions rapidement. De là à former des bacteries "énantiomères" me paraît être de la science fiction. Avant de crier au loup, je vais lire ➡️ purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Need for discussion & action arises in part because once any mirror cell is created, it becomes much easier for irresponsible or malicious actors to make more robust mirror bug (eg, one that could consume mirror glucose). Long tech report addresses these & other issues purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

The sources 1 “We have time for the conversation. And that’s what we were trying to do with this paper, to start a global conversation.” Dr Kate Adamala, University of Minnesota purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036 The fresh concerns over the technology are revealed in a 299-page report and a commentary in the journal Science. While enthusiastic about research on mirror molecules, the report sees substantial risks in mirror microbes and calls for a global debate on the work.

Our technical report is below. We discuss nutrients mostly in chapter 1. Genetic engineering and fitness in the environment are covered in chapters 3 and 8. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036.

Also wrt mirror cells being "druggable" --> Once drugs needed, the cat is out of the bag. At that point, mirror cells likely established invaders w large pop'ns and could evolve resistance. Could also evolve and diversify in other problematic ways. More in tech report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Not sure how worried I should be about mirror bacteria, but looking forward to read the report. Which looks pretty promising when I skim it - I wish people analysed certain other potential risks with this level of thoroughness! https://t.co/OLgEG3WeSh https://t.co/6IIzdm9v2L

Not sure how worried I should be about mirror bacteria, but looking forward to read the report. Which looks pretty promising when I skim it - I wish people analysed certain other potential risks with this level of thoroughness! www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

We think very hard. Composition of mirror cells wrong nutrient-wise for most natural enemies (phages, amoebae, other bacteria), so even if they kill some mirror cells, they'd not gain advantage-might even be poisoned by mirror cells. Discussed at length in tech report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

As the scientists explain in their technical report, mirror cells could potentially feed on achiral molecules like glycerol. So, not *a lot* of food, but not *no* food either. And even if they grow slowly, they can be devastating if nothing can stop them. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Yes, will take concerted effort to get 1st mirror cell booted up. Some nutrients not chiral, could be exploited by mirror cells to gain foothold. If so, they'd grow, but likely evade parts of immune response and most predators. Lots more on these issues in tech report purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Let's not rush into this left hand of Darkness! "immune defenses and predation typically rely on interactions between chiral molecules that could often fail to detect or kill mirror bacteria due to their reversed chirality" purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

All the gory details about this can be found in the full technical report. All the antibodies, etc., depend on detecting pathogens in the first place, and those sensors are adapted to natural chirality. purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

To some extent, yes. Gets complicated quickly. Some amino acids and carbon sources not chiral, could be exploited by mirror bacteria to gain foothold. If so, they could grow, but likely evade parts of immune response and most predators. Lots more in tech report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

Good question. Longer answer needed than can do justice in short message. And I'm not one of the group's immunology experts. Highly recommend you read Chapter 4 of the long, referenced technical report: Link to free downloadable report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

As part of an amazing group of researchers from many fields, I helped to produce an in-depth analysis of potential risks that mirror bacteria could pose. The Science paper comes with modest 300pager technical report https://t.co/0uJJGlRgdk 3/6

RT @braza_faouzi: @Thinker_View salut l'équipe. Je vous vois peu parler de biotechnologies et des potentiels risques pour la santé. Pensez…

@davidmanheim @AlexandraBalwit @NikoMcCarty @finmoorhouse I recommend diving into Chapter 4 of the Technical Report: https://t.co/Cp4YS9zV7d

RT @braza_faouzi: @Thinker_View salut l'équipe. Je vous vois peu parler de biotechnologies et des potentiels risques pour la santé. Pensez…

@Thinker_View salut l'équipe. Je vous vois peu parler de biotechnologies et des potentiels risques pour la santé. Pensez biologie synthetique. Lisez moi ça c'est du tout frais et c'est incroyable d'anticipation. Si ca vous interesse dites moi. https://t.co/ZkKBJwvPSe

Very relevant for any folks in #biosecurity. Also check out the 300 page report, purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036.

Science arrticle: www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... Technical report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

While mirror life creation is likely a decade away, now is the crucial time to talk about this. A 300 page technical report examines current barriers to the creation of mirror bacteria, and outlines the potential risks they would pose. Full report: https://t.co/LyIGoE81Gt

While mirror life creation is likely a decade away, now is the crucial time to talk about this. A 300 page technical report examines current barriers to the creation of mirror bacteria, and outlines the potential risks they would pose. Read the full report here: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

I’m proud to join more than 30 colleagues today in sharing our analysis of potential risks from “mirror life”. We summarize our findings in a @science.org article, and in greater detail in a 300pg technical report: Article: www.science.org/doi/10.1126/... Report: purl.stanford.edu/cv716pj4036

RT @mripapers: JCBFM: Reproducibility of cerebrovascular reactivity measurements: A systematic review of neuroimaging techniques https://t.…

JCBFM: Reproducibility of cerebrovascular reactivity measurements: A systematic review of neuroimaging techniques https://t.co/6XunIYohsw