Functional morphology of the hindlimb of fossilized pygmy hippopotamus from Ayia Napa (Cyprus).

Abstract in brief

• The study analyzes the hindlimb structure of an extinct pygmy hippopotamus from Cyprus, comparing it to modern and other extinct hippopotamuses to understand its unique adaptations.
• The findings indicate that P. minor had robust limbs and specialized joint functions, allowing slow but powerful movement, with adaptations suited for a mountainous island environment and its reduced body size.
• The morphology suggests P. minor's locomotion was distinct from modern hippos, featuring stabilized limb joints and limited certain movements, reflecting its evolutionary response to insular life.