IL-1β Is an Androgen-Responsive Target in Macrophages for Immunotherapy of Prostate Cancer.

Abstract in brief

• The study explores how androgen receptor (AR) signaling in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) affects prostate cancer (PCa), revealing that AR normally represses IL1B expression.
• Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) lifts this repression, causing TAMs to produce more IL1, which promotes the accumulation of immune-suppressing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) that hinder the body's ability to attack cancer cells.
• Combining anti-IL1 therapy with ADT and immune checkpoint inhibitors like anti-PD1 shows enhanced effectiveness in combating advanced prostate cancer, highlighting IL1 as a promising immunotherapy target.]