Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A April 1997 PMID 9108060

Evolution of antifreeze glycoprotein gene from a trypsinogen gene in Antarctic notothenioid fish.

L Chen, A L DeVries, C H Cheng

Mentions

27
Peak: 4 in Mar 2023
across 4 sources since Dec 2022

Extended reach

39,685
potential audience

Total likes

742

Video views

13,145

Mentions per month

Dec 2022 – Dec 2025

Where it's discussed

  • X / Twitter13 posts
  • Facebook10 posts
  • YouTube3 videos
  • News1 articles

AI synopsis

What people are saying

This collection of social discussions shows a mix of curiosity and skepticism, with posts referencing gene duplication, mutations, and evolutionary examples like antifreeze proteins, indicating that the research has sparked interest and deeper engagement among participants but remains part of ongoing scientific and philosophical debates.

AgreementNeither agree nor disagree

Most discussions express a neutral stance, acknowledging the scientific findings but also involving skepticism or requests for evidence, indicating a lack of strong consensus.

InterestModerate interest

The discussions demonstrate moderate curiosity about the research, with some participants showing eagerness to understand the evidence and implications.

EngagementModerate engagement

People actively respond, ask questions, and reference related examples like gene duplication and mutation, indicating thoughtful engagement.

ImpactModerate impact

The conversations highlight that the research triggers meaningful debate about evolutionary mechanisms, although it hasn't caused widespread paradigm shifts or definitive conclusions.

Abstract in brief

  • The antifreeze glycoproteins (AFGPs) in Antarctic notothenioid fish evolved from a pancreatic trypsinogen gene through gene recruitment and amplification, enabling these fish to avoid freezing in cold environments.
  • This evolutionary process involved the addition of specific gene segments and the creation of a new protein structure, with evidence suggesting it occurred around 5-14 million years ago, coinciding with Antarctic ice formation.
  • The transformation of trypsinogen into an antifreeze protein is a unique example of how existing genes can develop new functions, directly linking protein evolution to organismal adaptation and environmental changes.]

Top posts

Most liked on X and Bluesky
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@MeMaraCass @TropicOfChaos @umfpt @megafant1 @rosegar17673310 @Wally_Wego @_truthswordsa @REPENTHELLFIRE @Cern_IXXI @CarusoLawLV @Melanie33720945 @zypisfy @JustUnderReal @SeamusOBrien42 @Joeblog05475792 @ScientiaPercept @SpudEternal @jojoemello @dogwithgooses @IrisB42744268 @Galcondude @FifthDonkey @1pckt @1Quetzalcoatl1 @SPITSTER01 @swrb @stuartmaxwell14 @kill_christ @SecularSmurf @LannisterLeo @BrianNazarenus @InfinitmVeritum @NHoomans @RebelATliance @AnansiAkin59777 @dinosaur_dapper @dan_cameron99 @Kaiba36388316 @GospelOBenjamin @CultInquisitor @PnMuntergk @rkdoctr @depth_ocean_ @Tumtumtum7774 @ngrandscrutton @OnlyaMoment3 @girmayyy @Zaephou @mana_sean @ChrisLeePike All of them. Evolution of ant parasitism in one mutation https://t.co/qmodjXP9h7 Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Evolution of multicellularity in laboratory yeast https://t.co/iZc9gBl8kl Evolution of an

Nov 24, 2023 · 4 likes · 369 followers View post →
Ant
@antallan · X

@Jesussaves122 @mancadrift @AiG & now we have more bollocks! “mutations don’t add any new information” They certainly can! https://t.co/AfkII95thI

May 30, 2024 · 2 likes · 1 share · 1,887 followers View post →
Kukulkán
@hernantoro · X

@Avery4peace @erichovind For more info: https://t.co/oG7mhTXCI3.

Feb 14, 2024 · 1 like · 613 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@deafwatchman58 @TakeThatDarwin @elonmusk I can show you several examples. Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Mutations derive evolution more than initial variation https://t.co/JNllDDbO2k Adaptive loss of pelvic bones in sticklebacks https://t.co/ecY6Qm9Im7

Mar 15, 2023 · 1 like · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@ProstArnoux @TakeThatDarwin @xFortune @DaddySteel1 @LukeSo20 @erichovind Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Mutations derive evolution more than initial variation https://t.co/JNllDDbO2k Adaptive loss of pelvic bones in sticklebacks https://t.co/ecY6Qm9Im7

Feb 16, 2023 · 1 like · 369 followers View post →
Jason BeeYorn
@JasonBeeYorn · X

@DivinelyDesined Here are the sources refuting your empty claims. I’ll wait for your sources. Denial is not evidence. https://t.co/6P5egJNezT https://t.co/UP7e2IFlQb https://t.co/UHyBmSCsMl https://t.co/ASSD5ftr9N

Nov 16, 2025 · 18,640 followers View post →

All mentions

Jason BeeYorn
@JasonBeeYorn · X

@DivinelyDesined Here are the sources refuting your empty claims. I’ll wait for your sources. Denial is not evidence. https://t.co/6P5egJNezT https://t.co/UP7e2IFlQb https://t.co/UHyBmSCsMl https://t.co/ASSD5ftr9N

Nov 16, 2025 · 18,640 followers View post →
Richard King
@RicardusRex1 · X

@SDAFS56788141 @NotEvolution1 Nice rebuttal. Almost sounds like another creationist running away. Okay, I'll study, Mr. Creationist. I'll start with these: https://t.co/gI87T8ZJl8 Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) | (.gov) https://t.co/KFJkAQUl1U

Oct 1, 2025 · 73 followers View post →
Red heart n head
@mancadrift · X

RT @antallan: @Jesussaves122 @mancadrift @AiG & now we have more bollocks! “mutations don’t add any new information” They certainly can!…

May 30, 2024 · 1 share · 56 followers View post →
Ant
@antallan · X

@Jesussaves122 @mancadrift @AiG & now we have more bollocks! “mutations don’t add any new information” They certainly can! https://t.co/AfkII95thI

May 30, 2024 · 2 likes · 1 share · 1,887 followers View post →
Kukulkán
@hernantoro · X

@Avery4peace @erichovind For more info: https://t.co/oG7mhTXCI3.

Feb 14, 2024 · 1 like · 613 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@MeMaraCass @TropicOfChaos @umfpt @megafant1 @rosegar17673310 @Wally_Wego @_truthswordsa @REPENTHELLFIRE @Cern_IXXI @CarusoLawLV @Melanie33720945 @zypisfy @JustUnderReal @SeamusOBrien42 @Joeblog05475792 @ScientiaPercept @SpudEternal @jojoemello @dogwithgooses @IrisB42744268 @Galcondude @FifthDonkey @1pckt @1Quetzalcoatl1 @SPITSTER01 @swrb @stuartmaxwell14 @kill_christ @SecularSmurf @LannisterLeo @BrianNazarenus @InfinitmVeritum @NHoomans @RebelATliance @AnansiAkin59777 @dinosaur_dapper @dan_cameron99 @Kaiba36388316 @GospelOBenjamin @CultInquisitor @PnMuntergk @rkdoctr @depth_ocean_ @Tumtumtum7774 @ngrandscrutton @OnlyaMoment3 @girmayyy @Zaephou @mana_sean @ChrisLeePike All of them. Evolution of ant parasitism in one mutation https://t.co/qmodjXP9h7 Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Evolution of multicellularity in laboratory yeast https://t.co/iZc9gBl8kl Evolution of an

Nov 24, 2023 · 4 likes · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@AnnMari98715964 @vir_innominatum @ICRscience @creationnews @AiG Baseless claims And yes it is observable. I can show you. Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Mutations derive evolution more than initial variation https://t.co/JNllDDbO2k Adaptive loss of pelvic bones in sticklebacks https://t.co/ecY6Qm9Im7

Mar 15, 2023 · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@deafwatchman58 @TakeThatDarwin @elonmusk I can show you several examples. Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Mutations derive evolution more than initial variation https://t.co/JNllDDbO2k Adaptive loss of pelvic bones in sticklebacks https://t.co/ecY6Qm9Im7

Mar 15, 2023 · 1 like · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@Anthony68355340 @KD29442825 @rspencer1762 @mickitiki Antifreeze Protein Evolution https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Mutations derive evolution more than initial variation https://t.co/JNllDDbO2k Adaptive loss of pelvic bones in sticklebacks https://t.co/ecY6Qm9Im7 Multicellular yeast evolution https://t.co/iZc9gBl8kl

Mar 6, 2023 · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@MONSTERDROID_ @iwriteforme @ChappyLeo @IthoughtiwasU Novel anti-freeze gene evolved in fishes with non-arctic ancestors https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH

Mar 1, 2023 · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@ProstArnoux @TakeThatDarwin @xFortune @DaddySteel1 @LukeSo20 @erichovind Ice Fish Antifreeze https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH Mutations derive evolution more than initial variation https://t.co/JNllDDbO2k Adaptive loss of pelvic bones in sticklebacks https://t.co/ecY6Qm9Im7

Feb 16, 2023 · 1 like · 369 followers View post →
Julian Norris
@Paleoguy073 · X

@Zharding777 @TakeThatDarwin @lukbuk @MrFairlyWhite @CollinRugg A duplication of the Cit+ gene in front a promoter caused an E. coli culture to develop a novel phenotype https://t.co/2uCjguw3Ih Duplication of trypsinogen gene in icefish allowed for the evolution of a new antifreeze protein https://t.co/z0JOMy7KUH

Jan 9, 2023 · 369 followers View post →
Paul Fernandez #DenyTaxDonate
@exilefromgroggs · X

@michaer27 @pinkheretic Okay. Let's go with that. Now, what evidence does he present to make the case that natural selection is capable of showing the appearance of design? I know of some, for example the really cool example of notothenioid fish - https://t.co/EpHWXflBzD https://t.co/6V4xwLBpDR but...

Dec 9, 2022 · 2,576 followers View post →
Antifreeze Proteins 2022 | PDF | Proteins | Messenger Rna
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doi:10.1073/pnas. 3(7): e2616. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002616. PMID: 18612417. 94.8.3811. Graham, L.A., Li ...

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org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 The background is provided in the abstract, viz: [QUOTE] Abstract Freezing avoidance conferred by different ...

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https://www.pnas. org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 13. Genomics of cold adaptations in the Antarctic notothenioid fish radiation ...

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... 10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 The full paper can be read online here: https://www.pnas. org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 And the PDF version can ...

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org/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 Lenski's long-term E. coli experiment showing new metabolic pathways. Blount et al., 2012; Nature – https ...

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What process adds new functional genetic information?
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org/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 2. Exon Shuffling Sections of different genes (exons) can recombine to create entirely new proteins. Kaessmann et al.

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org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 The background is provided in the abstract, viz: Abstract Freezing avoidance conferred by different types of ...

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org/doi/pdf/10.1073/pnas.94.8.3811 The background is provided in the abstract, viz: [QUOTE] Abstract Freezing avoidance conferred by different ...

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Here's a peer reviewed scientific paper covering that topic: https://www.pnas. org/doi/10.1073/pnas. 94.8.3811?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id ...

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