Plasma glucose metabolism during exercise: effect of endurance training in humans.

Abstract in brief

• Endurance training decreases reliance on plasma glucose during exercise by reducing both muscle glycogen use and plasma glucose production, which helps improve overall carbohydrate efficiency.
• The reduction in plasma glucose utilization is linked to increased mitochondrial capacity in muscles, leading to less glucose transport from the blood during exercise.
• Training also lowers glucose production from the liver by changing hormone responses and sensitivity, preventing hypoglycemia and enhancing endurance.