August 2016 PMID 27503363

Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression.

Isain Zapata, James A Serpell, Carlos E Alvarez

Mentions

120
Peak: 6 in Oct 2021
across 5 sources since Nov 2017

Extended reach

161,139
potential audience

Total likes

1,543

Video views

54,156

Mentions per month

Nov 2017 – Jul 2025

Where it's discussed

  • News47 articles
  • X / Twitter46 posts
  • Facebook24 posts
  • Blogs2 articles
  • YouTube1 videos

AI synopsis

What people are saying

The discussions revolve around the scientific evidence from genetic studies indicating that breed-specific behaviors, such as aggression in Pit Bulls, have a strong hereditary component, with participants referencing studies like Zapata et al. and mentioning specific genes and loci. The tone varies from supportive and analytical to skeptical, with some emphasizing the importance of genetics in behavior and others questioning the implications, reflecting both enthusiasm and critical engagement with the research's significance.

AgreementStrong agreement

Most discussions support the findings, emphasizing that genetics significantly influence canine behavior, especially in breeds like Pit Bulls.

InterestHigh interest

The group shows high curiosity, referencing multiple studies, genes like IGF1 and HMGA2, and discussions on the genetic basis of behaviors across breeds.

EngagementHigh engagement

Many participants actively cite research, debates, and examples, engaging deeply with the scientific details and implications.

ImpactHigh impact

The discussions highlight how genetic insights can shape understanding, treatment, and perceptions of dog behavior, indicating a high potential impact.

Abstract in brief

  • This study explored the genetic basis of fear and aggression in dogs by conducting genome-wide association (GWA) mapping across various breeds, confirming findings in independent groups.
  • Researchers identified specific genetic loci, including IGF1 and HMGA2, linked to both physical traits (like size) and behaviors such as separation anxiety and aggression, and others on chromosomes 18 and X related to fear and social behaviors.
  • The findings suggest that certain genetic factors influence behavior and morphology separately or together, with some loci (like on X chromosome) associated specifically with sociability and fear, highlighting the complex genetic architecture behind canine emotions.

Top posts

Most liked on X and Bluesky
VictoriousLoL
@VictoriousL0L · X

@freemegod_ @LadieLabrys It isn't though. The genetics of canines have been thoroughly mapped, and the genes for aggression directed towards unfamiliar dogs and humans is significant in Pit Bulls. https://t.co/qjE31ijDp5 They are instinctually hard wired to be more aggressive than other breeds.

Aug 22, 2023 · 9 likes · 96 followers View post →
Kat
@Zereneilux · X

@Informal_Geek01 @by_pets @Pitbullwizard2 @Brownie32339985 @thetigero @MarkRulon @AuggieNorth @pets_in_danger @PitPostingLs @kaptainamusing @MattWalshBlog @realDailyWire @conservmillen TLDR: genetics matter and influence breed behavior, it’s not “all in how you raise them”. Enjoy the reads! https://t.co/Qq59fW1uEK https://t.co/CZPYlsj0d4 https://t.co/TRPCnDgczc https://t.co/dM9g8YU4Ml

Jan 27, 2023 · 7 likes · 274 followers View post →
VictoriousLoL
@VictoriousL0L · X

@Razordoom1 @highestofcaps @_DuxNet @frozenaesthetic I actually have several if you'd like them? https://t.co/8AwG5n9Lbb https://t.co/eMIuluskCq https://t.co/qjE31ijDp5 Pit Bulls have genetics most closely related to aggressive towards dogs and humans(2nd link), and these traits are highly heritable(3rd link)

May 7, 2023 · 7 likes · 96 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@J_E_Reilly You may have a point on aggression not being a personality trait. However, there's evidence of moderate-to-large effect genetic variations associated with dog aggression, https://t.co/vEHE89fnM6; https://t.co/1vCEX2K7j5. In humans, ~all such variation has minute-to-small effects.

Apr 16, 2023 · 5 likes · 1,128 followers View post →
Watson and
@TheDobermanns · X

@K9Khodi @drecymech @TelennduDobes @edncaroline @UnitedDoberman @LoversOwners Here is a good paper written on it https://t.co/jXau6L0dA0

Mar 25, 2019 · 4 likes · 1,466 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@animalsbehaving @Naomi_D_Harvey Isain Zapata, James Serpell and I have been studying this. We reported the same genetic variations are associated with fear & aggression Zapata, I., Serpell, J.A. & Alvarez, C.E. Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression. BMC Genomics 17, 572 (2016). https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD

Jun 8, 2021 · 4 likes · 1,128 followers View post →

All mentions

shitter09
@sh1201o09 · X

@OfficialJLUX100 @Thomidog1 @nypost 3) Highly Heritable and Functionally Relevant Breed Differences in Dog Behavior. MacLeant, et al. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 1 January, 2019 4) Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression. Zapata, et al. BMC Genomic. 8 August 2016 https://t.co/jGapQUPPDx

Jul 11, 2025 · 1 like · 23 followers View post →
fishfish83
@asafishkin · X

@HaHashdan @Pongo42318129 בשמחה. בגדול, התפיסה המדעית הינה שלגנטיקה יש השפעה זניחה על התנהגות. סביבה, חינוך, חשיפה וכו - הינם משפיעים משמעותיים יותר. צריך להתייחס לכל כלב כבע״ח בעל יכולת להסב נזק. עוד חפירה אם מתחשק לך: https://t.co/yVFST3iEJ5

Jun 21, 2025 · 64 followers View post →
Whitewalls
@Whitewalls_X · X

@PietDeGraaf @forjam64 @MelGlbsonFan81 @Babygravy9 It is genes and last time I checked, black people were not bred to perform certain tasks like dogs and don't have traits for them. https://t.co/mSxs0QBFex https://t.co/YrxrBDqSLV https://t.co/63u8iMiQ2T https://t.co/WFWxIKD9T2 https://t.co/m5qUMKwZaf https://t.co/G7acxaPvSp

May 16, 2025 · 2 likes · 39 followers View post →
Renan
@renan_sep_ · X

@allukazor @ccmoraes @historia_pensar @revistaforum Dá uma lida aqui, abraços. https://t.co/wrAnpo9xLd https://t.co/HsHI0n2Gqo

Apr 15, 2025 · 7 followers View post →
Peektol
@tolpeek · X

@MrFluffyWhale @ItsLokeyTV @BlackWomenFan69 @charmedVirus @MickleChrom https://t.co/3pbUCSxy88 https://t.co/hMfP0mAWs6 https://t.co/Kyc1bmbetC https://t.co/zKDwbDPGU2 https://t.co/7s4n752yPn https://t.co/GjzVlDoO4j https://t.co/BvZJDsHT5j https://t.co/oyLp2erTF6 https://t.co/GtG5AD3YRI https://t.co/hdhv7lwsIs can find more if you want

Jul 12, 2024 · 3 likes · 2 followers View post →
Sam Gerrits
@samgerrits · X

@MLMeulenbroek Oh zeker https://t.co/JABNG1CPwi https://t.co/oXnHZkFu0b

May 7, 2024 · 14,505 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@Nick65979825 @SashaGusevPosts Many candidates. We ID'd two large effect loci for canine fear/aggression. When we checked if wolves have the incr or decr risk allele, they had ~50:50 at both loci - which we speculated could be due to balancing selection or human encroachment selection.https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD

Feb 23, 2024 · 1 like · 1,128 followers View post →
VictoriousLoL
@VictoriousL0L · X

@shadetreeisback @frozenaesthetic Post your source? https://t.co/qjE31ijDp5 Per this article, the two loci between GNAT3 and CD36 on chr18 and near IGSF1 on chrX are associated with fear and aggression towards both unfamiliar dogs and humans, and these genes are heavily present in Pit Bulls.

Jan 14, 2024 · 1 like · 96 followers View post →
Kim Karlstein
@KimKarlstein · X

@BevenLuke83428 @by_pets @EnmyOftheState @SONICAIDS @RishiSunak How come that genes involved in canine aggression can be named then? https://t.co/yfq9bD9RGj

Sep 18, 2023 · 418 followers View post →
Wade Appleby
@Wade__Appleby · X

This is blatantly false. https://t.co/a533ITLbrI https://t.co/yE0MKjuyF8 https://t.co/lAWr45m3Q0

Sep 15, 2023 · 231 followers View post →
The Painful Tooth
@Potatottamus · X

@RealBearSmith @Pezdem @BullyWatchUK https://t.co/0RGbqEtpDG "compared to humans and their major ethnic groups, dogs are much more similar within breeds and much more different across breeds." In people these traits are much more complex than in dogs where behavioral traits are more strongly genetically mapped

Sep 10, 2023 · 1 like · 91 followers View post →
VictoriousLoL
@VictoriousL0L · X

@freemegod_ @homelypear It isn't really bold, it is scientifically proven. https://t.co/qjE31ijDp5 https://t.co/eMIuluskCq https://t.co/E04sz6K0l5 https://t.co/8AwG5n9Lbb Even Tia Torres, a Pit Bull Rescuer featured on Animal Planet, openly admits that Pit Bulls have aggressive tendencies.

Aug 22, 2023 · 96 followers View post →
VictoriousLoL
@VictoriousL0L · X

@freemegod_ @LadieLabrys It isn't though. The genetics of canines have been thoroughly mapped, and the genes for aggression directed towards unfamiliar dogs and humans is significant in Pit Bulls. https://t.co/qjE31ijDp5 They are instinctually hard wired to be more aggressive than other breeds.

Aug 22, 2023 · 9 likes · 96 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@teortaxesTex @cremieuxrecueil Wolf vs domesticated dog body size distribution is due to trait complexity. Dog size is explained by ~20 loci, predominantly for small. A large effect locus on chrX increases size & reduces fear - hinting domestication, but common in worldwide wolves. https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD

Jul 19, 2023 · 1,128 followers View post →
Dog Cognition SE
@DogCognitionSE · X

RT @CarlosEAlvare17: dogs have common moderate-to-large effect genetic variation associated with diverse brain traits. Isain Zapata/IZ & I…

May 23, 2023 · 1 share · 7,014 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

dogs have common moderate-to-large effect genetic variation associated with diverse brain traits. Isain Zapata/IZ & I genetically mapped psychopathology such as types of fear, anxiety, & aggression across breeds (ie, variants common across breeds; https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD,... 3/

May 23, 2023 · 3 likes · 1 share · 1,128 followers View post →
jade ✡︎ שמחה
@gansimcha · X

hey genetic, inherited behavioral differences in dog breeds are a very real thing because dogs were bred to do very specific things :) here are some studies for you! https://t.co/DiraDIpmZE https://t.co/pFEyuJ2Dlw https://t.co/BWrSd6hGJe https://t.co/eYxCghL4RA https://t.co/UwAM9tauBC

May 15, 2023 · 2 likes · 315 followers View post →
VictoriousLoL
@VictoriousL0L · X

@Razordoom1 @highestofcaps @_DuxNet @frozenaesthetic I actually have several if you'd like them? https://t.co/8AwG5n9Lbb https://t.co/eMIuluskCq https://t.co/qjE31ijDp5 Pit Bulls have genetics most closely related to aggressive towards dogs and humans(2nd link), and these traits are highly heritable(3rd link)

May 7, 2023 · 7 likes · 96 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@J_E_Reilly You may have a point on aggression not being a personality trait. However, there's evidence of moderate-to-large effect genetic variations associated with dog aggression, https://t.co/vEHE89fnM6; https://t.co/1vCEX2K7j5. In humans, ~all such variation has minute-to-small effects.

Apr 16, 2023 · 5 likes · 1,128 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@akashkulgod @SirIsain @JamesASerpell @RockyVistaU Our work above is consistent with previous studies by us and others (https://t.co/PDVdyZmUJS; https://t.co/K3nHEnyRaT) and this newer genetic study, https://t.co/Q22n50rLB0. I leave discussion of Morrill et al. to those authors.

Mar 2, 2023 · 1,128 followers View post →
Bobson Dugnutt
@BobsonD99188991 · X

@OManHereWeGo @agart974078241 @by_pets The aggression is literally in their genes. We know what the genes are for canine aggression. https://t.co/Ra18umg1uZ

Feb 25, 2023 · 116 followers View post →
Pets in Danger
@pets_in_danger · X

@Zereneilux @Informal_Geek01 @by_pets @Pitbullwizard2 @Brownie32339985 @thetigero @MarkRulon @AuggieNorth @PitPostingLs @kaptainamusing @MattWalshBlog @realDailyWire @conservmillen Throwing a study titled "Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression" at pitnutters is only asking for them to come back at you with, "See? It's the owners. They're afraid of/angry at their owners." THIS is why pitbulls randomly attack their owner(s). https://t.co/IkriN18xAK

Jan 27, 2023 · 3 likes · 587 followers View post →
Kat
@Zereneilux · X

@Informal_Geek01 @by_pets @Pitbullwizard2 @Brownie32339985 @thetigero @MarkRulon @AuggieNorth @pets_in_danger @PitPostingLs @kaptainamusing @MattWalshBlog @realDailyWire @conservmillen TLDR: genetics matter and influence breed behavior, it’s not “all in how you raise them”. Enjoy the reads! https://t.co/Qq59fW1uEK https://t.co/CZPYlsj0d4 https://t.co/TRPCnDgczc https://t.co/dM9g8YU4Ml

Jan 27, 2023 · 7 likes · 274 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@Jonny_CW_Lee Note domesticated species have many genetic variations of moderate-to-large effect on behavior (extremely rare in wild species). Eg, we mapped two large effect fear/aggression loci in dogs & both are present at 50% allele frequencies in worldwide wolves, https://t.co/PDVdyZmUJS

Jan 18, 2023 · 1,128 followers View post →
TeddyMessy
@TedHectorMess · X

@AlexofAllGames Both human aggression and dog aggression are highly influenced by genetics. https://t.co/KwztToFD07 https://t.co/L7x1uufEnW https://t.co/ntIPHRmPJG https://t.co/5uGXqm3sDt https://t.co/0TqSiAeGBI

Jan 12, 2023 · 945 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@ajshackman @foxdotdrew Note also that canine fear and aggression directed at unfamiliar dogs and humans are associated with the same genome loci (large effects at chr18 & X in ref. here; in work above & in https://t.co/0MNDtSVOu1). https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD.

Jun 2, 2022 · 1 like · 1,128 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@personalitygeni @kohn_gregory @EvolOdonata Interesting question. Most domesticated dog variation is derived from wolves. The two largest effect variations we found associated w dog fear aggression (chr18 & X) both had world wolf population allele frequencies of 50%, hinting at balancing selection. https://t.co/yoV6p27UPq

May 3, 2022 · 1 like · 1,128 followers View post →
Dog Cognition SE
@DogCognitionSE · X

RT @CarlosEAlvare17: @CompAnimalPsych @DogCognitionSE Our study of mixed breed & pedigree dogs linked here showed children in the home are…

May 3, 2022 · 1 share · 7,014 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@CompAnimalPsych @DogCognitionSE Our study of mixed breed & pedigree dogs linked here showed children in the home are associated w increased risk of dog anxiety, https://t.co/BaLb113OmM. Earlier study showed most dog aggression is associated w increased fear (in that sense, “provoked” https://t.co/yoV6p27UPq).

May 3, 2022 · 1 like · 1 share · 1,128 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@personalitygeni Hi Denise. I nominate ASIP as a candidate supergene for tameness in several species; see suppl text A3/B11 in https://t.co/z4iAAnQUZf (also https://t.co/2MGbvY7lsT & https://t.co/YuKx9YGEQ3). For heritability of same traits & body size controlled GWA see... 1/2

Mar 23, 2022 · 1 like · 1,128 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

1. Background for new work (building on https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD, https://t.co/z4iAAnQUZf; consistent with @LabHecht-led brain imaging study showing that decreasing brain size in dogs is associated w decreasing of cortex relative to the rest of brain, https://t.co/FPbadfFmwR) https://t.co/9vxi7avOsE

Feb 7, 2022 · 3 likes · 1,128 followers View post →
Maddie Smith
@mxddiemoo · X

@angiekulus @NekoSpookyAli @ThomasBeautyy https://t.co/JfKbi7Qfch here’s one, to start you off. Google Scholar: genetic canine aggression, and “nature verses nurture debate, canine behavior”

Oct 8, 2021 · 1 like · 8,288 followers View post →
Maddie Smith
@mxddiemoo · X

@fawnsoffline @Sarcastic__Sami @NekoSpookyAli @ThomasBeautyy Incorrect. Some breeds are predisposed to aggression. Please look into peer reviewed case studies on genetic canine behavior. https://t.co/JfKbi7Qfch

Oct 8, 2021 · 3 likes · 8,288 followers View post →
Maddie Smith
@mxddiemoo · X

@StardustNShadow @NekoSpookyAli @ThomasBeautyy Ones I’m surprised you haven’t seen if you’re familiar with dog behavior. https://t.co/JfKbi7Qfch

Oct 8, 2021 · 2 likes · 8,288 followers View post →
Maddie Smith
@mxddiemoo · X

@hollygibsonnnn @NekoSpookyAli @ThomasBeautyy Can you link me to peer reviewed case studies within the past 10 years that confirm environment is 100% responsible for aggression? I have a plethora of research and experience to back up what I’m saying. https://t.co/JfKbi7Qfch

Oct 8, 2021 · 2 likes · 8,288 followers View post →
Maddie Smith
@mxddiemoo · X

@fodderyfodder @NekoSpookyAli @ThomasBeautyy Explain how? Science disagrees with you. Look into the many cases studies completed within the past ten years that confirm dogs can possess genetic aggression. Genetics can actually play almost an equal part in behavior as environment. https://t.co/JfKbi7Qfch

Oct 8, 2021 · 2 likes · 8,288 followers View post →
Maddie Smith
@mxddiemoo · X

@shakespeariuss @NekoSpookyAli @ThomasBeautyy Same here! Worked at a dog shelter for 8 years and I’ve been working with dogs training and caring for them my entire adult life. Try looking into actual case study research rather than personal experience; https://t.co/JfKbi7Qfch

Oct 8, 2021 · 3 likes · 8,288 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@animalsbehaving @Naomi_D_Harvey Isain Zapata, James Serpell and I have been studying this. We reported the same genetic variations are associated with fear & aggression Zapata, I., Serpell, J.A. & Alvarez, C.E. Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression. BMC Genomics 17, 572 (2016). https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD

Jun 8, 2021 · 4 likes · 1,128 followers View post →
Dog Cognition SE
@DogCognitionSE · X

RT @FangzhengX: HS6ST2 was identified to be associated with sociability behaviour in dog (Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression htt…

May 25, 2021 · 3 shares · 7,014 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

RT @FangzhengX: HS6ST2 was identified to be associated with sociability behaviour in dog (Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression htt…

May 25, 2021 · 3 shares · 1,128 followers View post →
Joe
@Utz_Vj · X

RT @FangzhengX: HS6ST2 was identified to be associated with sociability behaviour in dog (Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression htt…

May 24, 2021 · 3 shares · 54 followers View post →
Fangzheng
@FangzhengX · X

HS6ST2 was identified to be associated with sociability behaviour in dog (Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression https://t.co/EUP3hbZUtK) and related with neuroticism in human. (The influence of X chromosome variants on trait neuroticism https://t.co/XYksQkCgSt).

May 24, 2021 · 3 likes · 3 shares · 13 followers View post →
Carlos E Alvarez
@CarlosEAlvare17 · X

@SimonDeDeo @Eliz_Hobson @dmonsterman @PNASNews Here’s that paper. Two bioRxiv preprints report expansion of that work, incl more traits, clin behavior diagnoses & brain structure (MRI) Zapata, I., Serpell, J.A. & Alvarez, C.E. Genetic mapping of canine fear and aggression. BMC Genomics 17, 572 (2016). https://t.co/KSEKDU1zDD

Mar 30, 2021 · 1 like · 1,128 followers View post →
Lin A.
@lincit_ · X

https://t.co/PgAqdBe2JJ https://t.co/sU0oDE37MN https://t.co/FTgiqdGroZ

Jan 21, 2021 · 828 followers View post →
Isain Zapata
@SirIsain · X

A new one will be coming soon https://t.co/JdTeetFesU #bmcgenomics

May 26, 2019 · 28 followers View post →
Watson and
@TheDobermanns · X

@K9Khodi @drecymech @TelennduDobes @edncaroline @UnitedDoberman @LoversOwners Here is a good paper written on it https://t.co/jXau6L0dA0

Mar 25, 2019 · 4 likes · 1,466 followers View post →