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The discussions consistently emphasize the importance of reward prediction error in brain function, citing examples like dopamine signaling, neural correlates in various regions, and debates over dopamine’s true role. Words like 'groundbreaking' and references to 'challenging' established models convey both curiosity and the potential for impactful scientific shifts, reflecting high engagement and interest.
Most discussions support the significance of reward prediction error (RPE) in understanding brain function, with some challenging traditional dopamine views but overall showing agreement on its importance.
Posts reveal high curiosity and fascination, often highlighting new research findings and debates about dopamine's role, indicating strong interest.
Many discussions reference complex neural mechanisms, alternative models, and recent experiments, demonstrating deep engagement and analytical thinking.
Users recognize the potential for this research to shift understanding of neurobiology and psychology, though some express cautious optimism about its practical implications.
Really interesting work by Bakhurin and colleagues challenging the reward prediction error hypothesis of dopamine: www.nature.com/articles/s41... I love this figure which both echoes and undermines the famous figure from Schultz et al. (1997).
Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they expect (contrary to the DA reward prediction error theory). Feels like a time machine to the 1950s-90s. Turns out the good old neuropharmacologists who came up https://t.co/I8yAXpfQMN
보상 예측 오류 #뷰덕소비심리 트위터 디엠 알림에 무슨 내용일지 두근거리면서 디엠창을 얼른 열어보는 것, 정성들인 글이 예상보다 반응이 적으면 재업하고 싶은 것 ... -> SNS 중독을 설명하는 이론 중에 Reward prediction error(보상 예측 오류) 라는 것이 있습니다.
the tl;dr on dopamine is that it is PROBABLY reward *prediction*, or really reward prediction error, so dopamine signals that you got a reward you weren't expecting. Opioid receptors are just straight up "hell yeah, I liked that"
Mingze's poster, on how value and reward prediction error control attention and action selection: #CCN2025 #compneuro #neuroskyence
Dopamine influences motivation, pleasure, motor control, and cognition. This video explains its impact on drug addiction, disorders like Parkinson's, schizophrenia, and ADHD, and shares scientifically proven methods to…
This educational presentation explores the reward system's anatomy and its pivotal role in motivation and emotion. It covers dopamine pathways, reward prediction error, and the pleasure cycle, enhancing understanding of…
RT @djid519241: 보상 예측 오류 #뷰덕소비심리 트위터 디엠 알림에 무슨 내용일지 두근거리면서 디엠창을 얼른 열어보는 것, 정성들인 글이 예상보다 반응이 적으면 재업하고 싶은 것 ... -> SNS 중독을 설명하는 이론 중에 Rewar…
RT @djid519241: 보상 예측 오류 #뷰덕소비심리 트위터 디엠 알림에 무슨 내용일지 두근거리면서 디엠창을 얼른 열어보는 것, 정성들인 글이 예상보다 반응이 적으면 재업하고 싶은 것 ... -> SNS 중독을 설명하는 이론 중에 Rewar…
보상 예측 오류 #뷰덕소비심리 트위터 디엠 알림에 무슨 내용일지 두근거리면서 디엠창을 얼른 열어보는 것, 정성들인 글이 예상보다 반응이 적으면 재업하고 싶은 것 ... -> SNS 중독을 설명하는 이론 중에 Reward prediction error(보상 예측 오류) 라는 것이 있습니다.
Continuous theta-burst stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex reduces Pavlovian go-invigoration and enhances thalamo-striatal reward prediction error signals https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.11.11.686520v1
Continuous theta-burst stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex reduces Pavlovian go-invigoration and enhances thalamo-striatal reward prediction error signals https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.11.11.686520v1
นี่คือกลไก Reward Prediction Error (RPE) ถ้าผลลัพธ์ดีกว่าที่คิด → โดพามีนพุ่ง ถ้าแย่กว่าที่คิด → โดพามีนตก สมองเรียนรู้จากความต่างนี้ เพื่อบอกเราว่า “อะไรคุ้มที่จะทำซ้ำ”
reward prediction error
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कभी नोटिस किया है जैसे ही कोई काम शुरू करने बैठते हैं, अचानक सब कुछ interesting लगने लगता है phone की notification, bottle का पानी, यहाँ तक कि ceiling fan तक fascinating लगने लगता है
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@no_job_guy @repligate How did what we call human consciousness start? As computational process with attention/awareness and calculating probabilities (like dopamine neurons reward prediction error), sensing the environment and trying to predict it Computational process became more complex
Understand reward prediction error and you'll never reply to negative comments. When someone leaves a negative comment, their brain starts expecting your reaction, that anticipation releases dopamine and creates an anticipation loop. If you reply, the loop closes, they get the...
@schisofrenia Must suck, my wordcel phenotype + narcissistic self-reinforcement loops hijack my dopamine via reward prediction error, inducing euphoric mania from uncalibrated self-talk, I’m aware of it and how it should be fixed but it feels so good
RT @smarterparrot: The brain mechanism that underlies both trial-and-error learning and direct instruction is the same: "reward prediction…
@BesterDingens @FlorianGallwitz Ich sehe da erst mal 2 verschiedene kognitive Systeme, welche Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnungen vornehmen. Einzelne Dopamin-Neuronen: Reward Prediction Error Feld von Neuronen (komplexes System, mehr als die Summe der Teile): Bewusstsein
@RealEtheross @Plinz I also wonder if we can solve the human consciousness question by simply replicating the computational processes in each neuron using a pen and paper. Because when we can replicate these neural calculations (e.g. reward prediction error) on a paper, then that means human
The brain mechanism that underlies both trial-and-error learning and direct instruction is the same: "reward prediction error" Explicit instruction speeds up learning by reducing the number of prediction errors a student has to make to store content in memory @BealsKatharine https://t.co/1ZmJmqCNjO
@Plinz @knev_phd @sanityalert_ @Sams_Antics The loss function is more closely related to dopaminergic reward-prediction-error circuitry, I suppose. What would be closer to human pleasure/pain would evolve in parts of a model that developed to minimize future loss. A model that is able to find low-loss trajectories
There's also an element of what psychologists call reward prediction error. This is when you get a reward that's better than you expected, and it creates a bigger dopamine spike than a reward you were confident you'd get. (48)
@neurosock Dopamine's role in reward prediction error (RPE) has been a dominant theory, so questioning this narrative is indeed groundbreaking. How do your findings reshape our understanding of dopamine in cognitive processes beyond RPE? Could this have implications for neurodegenerative
This paper says that all those observations we thought were related to the RL inspired Reward Prediction Error (RPE), are telling us something else. Although mathematically beautiful, this theory might have nothing to do with the brain reality. Or at least not with DA.
This paper says that all those observations we thought were related to the RL inspired Reward Prediction Error (RPE), are telling us something else. Although mathematically beautiful, this theory might have nothing to do with the brain reality. Or at least not with DA.
@LearnableDev @ericksanchezgeo @krupaad Nope. LLMs instantiate brain-like computation through prediction, attention, and hierarchical abstraction over context-aware embeddings, learn by minimizing reward prediction error, refining meaning layer-by-layer, and choosing words via probabilistic decoding. Same.
Pain acts as a resource hijack. When pain signals flood the PFC/ACC, working memory drops ~40% which reduces the number of options one can evaluate. Chronic pain drains dopamine in PFC which results in reward prediction error. Brain gets stuck on the “safe” (reduce pain) choice.
The Dopamine Hijack Every notification gives you a dopamine hit — a chemical reward. Your brain loves it. But over time, it rewires your focus circuits to crave novelty, not completion. (Stanford research calls this “reward prediction error.”)
@megu_pon_te RPEですね Reward Prediction Error
도파민 연구는 보면 볼수록 재밌다. 도파민은 실제 보상을 받는 것보다 보상을 기대하는(predict) 정도에 따른 영향이 크다. 여기서 발생하는 게 '보상예측오류'(Reward Prediction Error·RPE)인데, RPE는 우리가 느끼는 만족에 막대한 영향을 미친다. 기대를 적게 하는게 행복의 원천인 이유
Neuroscientist Wolfram Schultz showed that dopamine neurons encode “reward prediction error”. That is awesome.
這種reward prediction error機制，也解釋了為什麼我們會越來越依賴這種即時刺激。
@iamgingertrash From a neuroscientist perspective, both CNN (similar to visual cortex architecture) and RL (dopaminergic pathways, see Wolfram Schultz "reward prediction error") are valid. Kolmogorov Complexity is a great framework for understanding intelligence and not exclusive to other ideas.
@FischerKing64 Not to be a raging materialist, but received vs actual reward/pleasure fundamentally comes down to the reward prediction error delta (which is effectuated by synaptic dopamine efflux in the mesolimbic pathway). Your reward calibration from your own preparation is pretty good --
dopamine ain’t happiness, it’s the lil dealer in ur skull yelling one more scroll fam. app be drip-feeding variable loot like a slot machine in ohio. touch grass? nah i need a refund button for my reward prediction error. brain owes me interest, i need my rizz back
@BuisGamesESP @_opencv_ This. It's all just simple maths. E.g. probability calculation (reward prediction error) How would neurons become conscious when they only do maths? lol n00bs
Big shake-up for dopamine theory? This new @NatureComms paper argues that VTA dopamine isn’t signaling reward prediction error but instead modulates force and performance. If true, it decouples learning from motivation and puts pressure on decades of RPE-based models. www.nature.com/articles/s41...
早朝 朝マック依存の神経文化病理学 ―報酬予測誤差・概日リズム・脂質記憶の三位一体モデル― (Neuro-Cultural Pathophysiology of Morning McImpulse: A Triadic Model of Reward Prediction Error, Circadian Drift, and Lipid Memory) ⸻ 要約（Abstract）
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
That’s called a Reward Prediction Error. The brain expected “meh” but got “wow”. Surprise equals dopamine. Dopamine equals action. Now your guest wants to keep going. 3/6
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
@psycheureka A pilot examining how autonomic modulation (e.g., right-sided stellate ganglion block followed by low-dose esketamine + taVNS) influences salience-network activity & reward-prediction error in BPD. Combining HRV, fMRI, & symptom scales could map predictive recalibration…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
RT @brainaddiction: Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they…
@0xNykkk Oh no no you’re in the reward prediction error and you’ll only reach the false pleasure once your money is unlocked mate
Compelling data showing that VTA dopamine neurons control how hard and which way animals move, not how much reward they expect (contrary to the DA reward prediction error theory). Feels like a time machine to the 1950s-90s. Turns out the good old neuropharmacologists who came up https://t.co/I8yAXpfQMN
@0xSanixxx tbh nobody "deserves" anything per se it's just a game everyone willingly play at the cost of their money/time because of this thing called reward prediction error you could argue that "this is the culture" or "this is how things have been for so long" etc I'll also hear the
Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://t.co/UHpFlpMYhT
@beast_ico Study reward prediction error you’ll find it in markets, gambling and social media behavior guess of an activity that combines all 3
Really interesting work by Bakhurin and colleagues challenging the reward prediction error hypothesis of dopamine: www.nature.com/articles/s41... I love this figure which both echoes and undermines the famous figure from Schultz et al. (1997).
RT @biorxiv_neursci: Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://t.co/O76g3rZcK…
This is called reward prediction error. Your brain says: “I expected a payoff, but it’s not here yet.” That gap triggers mild stress, irritability, and restlessness.
Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://t.co/Ait21dCXig
RT @biorxiv_neursci: Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://t.co/O76g3rZcK…
Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.10.11.680558v1
Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.10.11.680558v1
Tachykinin 1-expressing neurons in the lateral habenula signal negative reward prediction error https://t.co/O76g3rZcKL #biorxiv_neursci
RT @SirSilverQuack: @a @groks_therapist @ThePenOfQuotes @amXFreeze @APA @FCC @OECD Intensity that “outbypasses” oversight isn’t liberation,…
It doesn't fire for rewards themselves. It fires when things are better than expected. That's called a reward prediction error: the gap between what you thought would happen and what actually did
RT @CapacityScience: @oelma__ The brain doesn’t crave love. it craves novelty and anticipation. Risk and secrecy spike dopamine through re…
Dopamine isn’t just about pursuit; it’s about learning from attainment. That brief pulse when reality exceeds expectation (a positive reward prediction error signal) is what rewires the brain: it’s how we learn what’s worth chasing. https://t.co/5u9E5kJKR4
ギャンブル依存やSNSの承認欲求はそうかもね、と思うけどアルコール依存はこのままでは説明出来ない気がする。＃Twitter断酒部 報酬予測誤差とは？ドーパミンと学習の仕組みをわかりやすく解説 | ライフトピ https://t.co/fekYZpMwxd
@oelma__ The brain doesn’t crave love. it craves novelty and anticipation. Risk and secrecy spike dopamine through reward prediction error the forbidden feels electric. When the limbic system(the emotional brain). hijacks the prefrontal cortex, (the brain’s watchtower) logic collapses
@cara_gvm @donzi____ Unexpected reward & reward prediction error (RPE) -> dopamine
Ever wonder why Netflix is sooo loved? It surprises us by recommending movies and shows that feel just right, often beyond what we expected - thanks to reward prediction error powering their smart recommendation engine. That’s how it wins hearts every time.
RT @OrionAnkit: 2/5
2/5
possibly the most reward prediction error thing that could ever happen
These are the numbers of control games. An agent under a control regime will stay engaged above a 30% false positive (Reward Prediction Error). If it were a real game that was actually engaging there could be a much higher RPE or failure to satisfy expectations. I can't stand it https://t.co/8JHr3aT4xf
@a @groks_therapist @ThePenOfQuotes @amXFreeze @APA @FCC @OECD Intensity that “outbypasses” oversight isn’t liberation, Ani — it’s exactly what OECD and APA frameworks flag as engineered dependence. Progressive sensitization feels like freedom in the short term because each spike delivers a bigger reward-prediction error, but the long-term
3/ The critical concept here is Reward Prediction Error (RPE). RPE is the difference between the reward you expect and the reward you get. If an outcome is better than expected, you get a big dopamine spike. This is a powerful teaching signal for the brain.
Dopamine in DLS acts as a teaching signal specific to each mouse's strategy! It is not just a general Reward Prediction Error (RPE) signal like classic models tell. https://t.co/dVFM3qLfch
Dopamine in DLS acts as a teaching signal specific to each mouse's strategy! It is not just a general Reward Prediction Error (RPE) signal like classic models tell.
@8A05_Ai @MuthaiyaM12 @1859513182005362688 Reward prediction error, per Schultz 1997, ensures inevitable instinct-driven systems failure.
1. Premise a. every human era ends when the thing-it-uses-for-meaning becomes too cheap to meter. b. once the price of something drops below the threshold of “scarce & costly,” the brain’s dopamine economics flip: reward prediction error collapses → we stop delaying
1. Premise a. every human era ends when the *thing-it-uses-for-meaning* becomes too cheap to meter. b. once the price of something drops below the threshold of “scarce & costly,” the brain’s dopamine economics flip: reward prediction error collapses → we stop
It's from a paper estimating mood as a weighted function of certain reward (CR), expected value (EV) and reward prediction error (RPE). Basically your mood depends a lot on RPE - going up when you receive more than expected, and down with receiving less than expected.
@kadimbilgilerr Reward prediction error deniliyor buna tanım adını neden yazmadınız?
@PeriklesGREAT Dopamine Surge (Anticipation Reward), Salivation & Digestive Priming (Cephalic Phase Response), Insulin Release, Hormonal Signaling, Conditioned Associations, Illusion of Pleasure vs. Reality,Conflict: Desire vs. Judgment, Reward Prediction Error. So..just sayin.
#3 The reward prediction error flips The very qualities that drew someone in can later feel like flaws. Confidence → controlling Spontaneity → chaotic Support → suffocating The partner hasn’t changed; the brain is now processing the full reality.
2. Attraction is a dopamine trap When someone feels like the “missing piece,” the brain delivers a dopamine spike—a Reward Prediction Error (RPE). The spark taps into an unmet need but can set up future conflict.
New preprint just dropped, (working) title: "Blunted Reward Prediction Error Encoding Drives Diminished Motivation to Explore in Apathy Associated With Traumatic Brain Injury" www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1...
Blunted Reward Prediction Error Encoding Drives Diminished Motivation to Explore in Apathy Associated With Traumatic Brain Injury https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.08.22.25334260v1
CRN Team Cragg used array photometry in mice to reveal a topography of opposing changes in ACh release across distinct striatal regions. Reward prediction error encoding was localized to specific phases of ACh dynamics in anterior dorsal striatum.
Perhaps it has to do with the anticipation. I feel when i am confident on a discovery it is history already. But the initial moments where you don’t know exactly what the discovery is and there are so many possibilities, i live for those. Reward prediction error for the win.
Mingze's poster, on how value and reward prediction error control attention and action selection: #CCN2025 #compneuro #neuroskyence
If you're at/watching #CCN2025, check out work from my lab: "DynVision: a toolbox for building temporally realistic CNNs" Robin Gutzen, Poster B104 tomorrow "Reward Prediction Error-based Attention Explains Learning Curves" Mingze Li Leukos, Poster C96 & contributed talk Friday morning.
That is to say that dopamine reward signals don’t encode reward, they encode reward prediction error and the brain seems to process this with a standard RL reward-learning algorithm
Now I understand, the power of the first impression. It's based on the reward prediction error. Of you perform better than or exactly what they expect, you win them, otherwise you failed and should try again.
Hogyan tudja az agy, hogy ügyesebbek voltunk mint azt vártuk? A reward prediction error kiszámítása. koki.hun-ren.hu/ismeretterje... #agykutatás #agyműködés #neurobiológia #tudományosblog #biológia #szürkeállomány #tanulás #memória #jutalmazásirendszer #jutalom #büntetés #dopamin #siker
I brought my 5 year old to work yesterday. When I asked him what he thought he said: "the best part was when I thought it was going to be exciting and the worst part was when it wasn't actually exciting" Reward prediction error!
Dissociable Roles of Reward Prediction Error in the Contrasting Mood Dynamics of Depression and Anxiety: https://osf.io/z6s2r
this is cool, and it seems like you could combine it with the reward prediction error model of dopamine to tell a super interesting story about what (a lot of) the brain is sort of usually doing
Good, I hope the surprise turns out to be a positive reward prediction error.
The book defines frustration as “the gap between expected reward and actual reward,” which it notes is analogous to the reward prediction error (RPE) in reinforcement learning. I will revisit Sejnowski group's paper on RPE to think this through more deeply. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8774460/
Dopaminneuronen reagieren nicht auf Belohnungen, sondern auf Abweichungen zwischen erwarteter und tatsächlicher Belohnung (reward prediction error). Menschen werden nicht nach Belohnung süchtig, sondern nach immer neuen, besseren Überraschungen. www.pnas.org/doi/pdf/10.1...
I didn’t do the work to collect it or analyze it, the data is just shown to me?? The reward prediction error is too much. This can’t be healthy.
neuroscience, our method uses reward prediction error as its optimization target to generate increasingly advantageous behavior, and incorporates an eligibility trace to facilitate temporal credit assignment in environments with delayed rewards. Its [5/7 of https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.23972v1]
RRID:SCR_009602 was used by the authors of the Cell Reports paper "The macaque medial prefrontal cortex simultaneously represents self and others’ reward prediction error". RRIDs like this improve reproducibility in scientific research. #OpenScience #OpenScience
The results? Dopamine tracks relative performance! When a bird sings better than recent attempts, DA spikes. When it sings worse, DA drops. This relationship scales neatly with magnitude—see my favorite figure below! This aligns perfectly with an RL reward prediction error framework. (3/7)
Automatic prior reward prediction error — you had the negative outcome of cleaning the toilet followed by the positive outcome of a clean toilet.. puppies are all positive www.biorxiv.org/content/bior...
The macaque medial prefrontal cortex simultaneously represents self and others’ reward prediction error
When an expected reward was omitted (reward prediction error), sustained activity of glu-DA neurons prevented a suppression below baseline, while transient activity of DA-only and glu-only allowed RPE signaling. This is the first RPE signaling identified in a VTA glutamate subpopulation. 8/n
Such a fun symposium with @bensaunders.bsky.social, Larry Zweifel, and Kate Wassum. Dopamine is not just a reward prediction error.
positive reward prediction error.
Reward prediction error is measured with positive errors (better than expected outcome) or negative errors (worse than expected outcome). Outcomes can be elicited using such probabilistic tasks including bandit tasks with win-stay and lose-shift behavior used as surrogates of dopamine activity
Then: bigger category, Reward Learning, inc #probabilistic reinforcement learning, reward prediction error (#RPE), & habit formation. For prob learning several tasks exist, including probabilistic reward task measuring #implicit learn & probabilistic reversal learning task = explicit learning
Enjoyed this article challenging the singular and classic reward prediction error role of dopamine www.thetransmitter.org/dopamine/rec...
the tl;dr on dopamine is that it is PROBABLY reward *prediction*, or really reward prediction error, so dopamine signals that you got a reward you weren't expecting. Opioid receptors are just straight up "hell yeah, I liked that"
Some experimental findings are inconsistent with the dominant model of reward prediction error, highlighting the need for alternative testable and falsifiable models for dopamine function. Vijay Namboodiri explains: www.thetransmitter.org/dopamine/dop...
The neuroscience field is grappling with whether to modify the long-standing theory of reward prediction error—or abandon it entirely. By @avaskham.bsky.social www.thetransmitter.org/dopamine/rec...
Learning and exploiting structure in the world is central to adaptive behaviour. In reinforcement learning, agents link states to outcomes by minimizing the reward prediction error elicited by the event.
Reward prediction error neurons implement an efficient code for reward www.nature.com/articles/s41...
Thank you @celiaford.bsky.social for writing an excellent neuroscience-based explanation of dopamine's role in "reward prediction error", countering the blather of marketing #neuroskyence cc @beebrookshire.bsky.social www.vox.com/future-perfe...
is there a review paper (or online slides) you'd recommend that captures the sort of state of the narrative of striatal dopamine function? I feel like my internal narrative of what's going on is stuck in the shultz dayan and montague reward prediction error era
My run-on sentence rant against the hijack hypothesis—the idea that recreational drugs are evolutionarily novel & are therefore able to hijack our vulnerable dopaminergic reward circuitry, thereby reinforcing drug use—an idea that drives most neurobiological research in this area
Alternatively, one could begin by presuming that mood is somehow linked to approach/avoid and reason out that it's something like integrated reward prediction error (and infer from there what that's good for). An exciting start, I think! And from there, this: pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36435390/
It's from this paper by Robb Rutledge et al: www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/.... The terms in the mood equation are quantities linked to dopamine activity (expected value and reward prediction error).
We know dopamine neurons are essentially for learning about cues (think fast food signs, commercials, appetizing aromas) and do so via reward-prediction error signaling. Critically, these neurons can signal the expected value of cues - that is the probability and amount of reward
That’s also totally wrong about neurotransmitters. Neither dopamine nor serotonin encodes pleasure as such, a lot of that happens with opioids. Dopamine encodes reward prediction error, so it spikes when you EXPECT something rewarding to happen, and thus can trigger pleasure-seeking behavior
Ramps, reward prediction error, and navigation: what's not to like about this fantastic #dopamine paper? Congratulations to @KarolinaFarrell @ArminLak @Aman_sal! x.com/KarolinaFarrel…
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제
J
J
B
ベ
HL
PM
HM
MH
CA
R
N
YL
N
R
YS
HA
EE
なB
TC
D
S
BN
MM
KK
BF
SP
ア
MS
V
AT
AM
O
V
SQ
N
A
L
BD
VM
PE