Titanium Dioxide: Structure, Impact, and Toxicity.

Abstract in brief

• Titanium dioxide is a widely used mineral with important roles in industry due to its stability, low cost, and versatility in applications like photocatalysis, pharmaceuticals, and food processing, thanks to its ability to act as both a semiconductor and light scatterer.
• Recent research focuses on how modifying its surface properties can either improve or reduce its reactivity depending on specific uses, such as enhancing performance or minimizing risks.
• The discussion highlights ongoing debates about its potential toxicity and carcinogenicity, emphasizing the need to consider variable experimental results and protocols while recognizing its critical role in rapidly evolving industries.]