Pathophysiology and pathogenesis of visceral fat obesity.

Abstract in brief

• Visceral fat obesity, characterized by fat accumulation in the intra-abdominal cavity, is linked to metabolic impairments like glucose and lipid abnormalities, especially in obese individuals and those with heart disease.
• Nonobese individuals with increased visceral fat also show risks such as glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, with fat distribution patterns correlating to metabolic health markers.
• Factors like aging, sex hormones, diet, and inactivity contribute to visceral fat buildup, which releases free fatty acids into the liver, promoting conditions such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis, leading to a proposed "visceral fat syndrome."]