June 2019 PMID 31263758

7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects.

Andrew C Kruegel, Rajendra Uprety, Steven G Grinnell, Cory Langreck, Elizabeth A Pekarskaya, Valerie Le Rouzic, Michael Ansonoff, Madalee M Gassaway, John E Pintar, Gavril W Pasternak, Jonathan A Javitch, Susruta Majumdar, Dalibor Sames

Download social card

Mentions

146
Peak: 6 in May 2019
across 5 sources since Feb 2019

Extended reach

331,307
potential audience

Total likes

4,279

Video views

110,699

Mentions per month

Feb 2019 – Aug 2025

Where it's discussed

  • News94 articles
  • X / Twitter41 posts
  • Blogs5 articles
  • Reddit4 posts
  • YouTube2 videos

AI synopsis

What people are saying

Throughout the collection, users express strong agreement with the significance of the research, referencing related studies, methods of synthesis, and the pharmacological implications, with words like 'important,' 'transformative,' and 'potential' illustrating the high perceived impact and interest. The tone varies from supportive to analytical, emphasizing both scientific curiosity and the broader implications for medical and societal use.

AgreementStrong agreement

Most discussions acknowledge the findings that highlight 7-hydroxymitragynine as a key compound responsible for kratom's pain-relieving effects, showing consensus or support.

InterestHigh interest

Posts demonstrate high curiosity, referencing additional articles, processes, and the significance of the metabolic pathway, indicating strong engagement with the topic.

EngagementModerate engagement

Many social discussions delve into research methods, implications for pain management, and potential for safer opioids, reflecting meaningful participation.

ImpactHigh impact

The discussions emphasize the importance of the research, noting its potential to influence medical understanding and use of kratom, signaling high impact.

Abstract in brief

  • The study shows that mitragynine, the main active compound in kratom, is metabolized into a more potent opioid-like substance called 7-hydroxymitragynine in the liver, which is primarily responsible for kratom’s pain-relieving (analgesic) effects.
  • In mice and human liver samples, the conversion of mitragynine into 7-hydroxymitragynine involves specific enzymes called cytochrome P450 3A, and the brain concentrations of this metabolite are enough to explain most of the pain-relief effects of kratom.
  • The research suggests that mitragynine itself doesn’t directly activate opioid receptors in the brain but is transformed into 7-hydroxymitragynine, which then provides the analgesic effects, highlighting the importance of how kratom is taken (like orally or by other routes) in its overall activity.

Top posts

Most liked on X and Bluesky
John
@shdwstar · X

@Breelee420 Whether something is natural or synthetic doesn't mean anything. Plenty of natural things hurt or kill people. When people use kratom they are experiencing the 7oh. This is like praising cannabis then trying to ban thc. https://t.co/sDClXvqZPG https://t.co/upwsdMnOdo

Jul 30, 2025 · 26 likes · 3 shares · 3,065 followers View post →
ACS Central Science
@ACSCentSci · X

Read latest research on safer #opioids from Javitch, Majumdar, Sames & team! Reporting a metabolism-dependent mechanism for the analgesic effects of mitragynine & importance of route of administration in determining activity @ColumbiaPsych @sloan_kettering https://t.co/ZCFpWMpZi6 https://t.co/Ri6PPaUw3v

May 29, 2019 · 12 likes · 2 shares · 28,105 followers View post →
ChemRxiv
@ChemRxiv · X

7-Hydroxymitragynine is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of its Analgesic Effects by Jonathan Javitch, Susruta Majumdar, Dalibor Sames & co-workers https://t.co/kr1UI09Cv1 #biochempreprints https://t.co/ZnDgcy5lu8

Feb 8, 2019 · 5 likes · 4 shares · 32,252 followers View post →
ACS Central Science
@ACSCentSci · X

#ThrowbackThursday In mice, mitragynine, the major active alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is converted to an active metabolite, which mediates its analgesic effect via the mu-opioid receptor. By Dalibor Sames & co-workers @ChemColumbia https://t.co/vKSLsMXs1t https://t.co/MP9M0M9Xxt

Nov 16, 2023 · 5 likes · 28,105 followers View post →
ACS Central Science
@ACSCentSci · X

Read #FirstRxns by Mariana Spetea & Helmut Schmidhammer​ @uniinnsbruck https://t.co/QLpDFEgcgI on research by Dalibor Sames & team @ColumbiaPsych @sloan_kettering about the metabolism-dependent mechanism for the analgesic effects of mitragynine: https://t.co/ZCFpWMpZi6 https://t.co/w3NpO7kdiz

May 30, 2019 · 4 likes · 1 share · 28,105 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

Kratom and pain relief. “7-Hydroxymitragynine Is An Active Metabolite of Mitragynine And A Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects” https://t.co/Dt7318KGsO https://t.co/v11g3aorW5

Apr 25, 2023 · 3 likes · 1,382 followers View post →

All mentions

Ryan Niddel
@Ryan_Niddel · X

@2x2Rob No, no fear mongering or propaganda. 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects | ACS Central Science https://t.co/cc5YcGClQs

Aug 21, 2025 · 3,014 followers View post →
Dee
@Deeenst · X

RT @shdwstar: @Breelee420 Whether something is natural or synthetic doesn't mean anything. Plenty of natural things hurt or kill people. Wh…

Jul 31, 2025 · 3 shares · 5,574 followers View post →
The Wizard Bong
@cannabisbutch · X

RT @shdwstar: @Breelee420 Whether something is natural or synthetic doesn't mean anything. Plenty of natural things hurt or kill people. Wh…

Jul 30, 2025 · 3 shares · 811 followers View post →
Y
@EARhye · X

7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/tqdw453LvO

Jul 30, 2025 · 1,707 followers View post →
Micah Evans
@Micahplus1 · X

Take a look at an old PUBmed published article on the benefits of 7-oh. https://t.co/XUPjvEjcQe

Jul 30, 2025 · 1 like · 54 followers View post →
John
@shdwstar · X

@Breelee420 Whether something is natural or synthetic doesn't mean anything. Plenty of natural things hurt or kill people. When people use kratom they are experiencing the 7oh. This is like praising cannabis then trying to ban thc. https://t.co/sDClXvqZPG https://t.co/upwsdMnOdo

Jul 30, 2025 · 26 likes · 3 shares · 3,065 followers View post →
EthnoBlue Extracts
@EthnoBlue · X

Many more methods were published for making 7-OH, some using oxone and sodium bicarbonate https://t.co/9gjdWYQ0GD One method uses light and a light activated molecule to initiate the reaction: https://t.co/DVLbWPsVRS

Jan 1, 2025 · 44 followers View post →
Канони прекрасного..
@yuliasiay · X

Оке, якщо серйозно, то для всіх кому справді цікаво розібратись що ж таке той кратом, пропоную науково-дослідницьке відео до перегляду. Там обʼєктивно пояснюється шкода, вплив, ефект і плюси від вживвання кратома. https://t.co/A6Ii4AZkxp

Nov 20, 2024 · 1 like · 49 followers View post →
fdk258
@fdk258 · X

@igriste_rogeve @DmytroGurinMP @KhaterDiana https://t.co/VrVKSN6X5a

Nov 19, 2024 · 1 like · 447 followers View post →
знов хтива мрійниця
@kaa_sin · X

А взагалі тут дуже хороше відео про кратом https://t.co/JXyH5wPLoF

Oct 21, 2024 · 699 followers View post →
cheri roberts
@cheriro52879288 · X

7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects | ACS Central Science https://t.co/cqktyi53lP

Sep 8, 2024 · 206 followers View post →
ACS Central Science
@ACSCentSci · X

#ThrowbackThursday In mice, mitragynine, the major active alkaloid of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is converted to an active metabolite, which mediates its analgesic effect via the mu-opioid receptor. By Dalibor Sames & co-workers @ChemColumbia https://t.co/vKSLsMXs1t https://t.co/MP9M0M9Xxt

Nov 16, 2023 · 5 likes · 28,105 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

Kratom and pain relief. “7-Hydroxymitragynine Is An Active Metabolite of Mitragynine And A Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects” https://t.co/Dt7318KGsO https://t.co/v11g3aorW5

Apr 25, 2023 · 3 likes · 1,382 followers View post →
Plants not pills
@hipieswereright · X

RT @MelodyHope5: 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects. https://t.co/OExK…

Mar 21, 2023 · 1 share · 279 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects. https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Mar 21, 2023 · 3 likes · 1 share · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@US_FDA FDA says kratom no medicinal purpose BUT Nat Inst of health NIH says 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhKKXVi

Sep 21, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@politicalcomic @OneSpiked @Yahoo 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Jun 28, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@desperatio11 @LilDopamine 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Jun 6, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@woolongs 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Jun 5, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@UnrelatedComa @TenoryK @lporiginalg 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Jun 4, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@NReveillee 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Apr 20, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@JtCopperline @ResistSister111 @Well1la 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Apr 16, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
mitsuya trafalgar bty
@yourx0511 · X

RT @ChemRxiv: 7-Hydroxymitragynine is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of its Analgesic Effects by Jonathan Javitch,…

Jan 12, 2021 · 4 shares · 200 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@RoxxieMonoxide @honeytummyy 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Jan 4, 2021 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@coffeeliver22 @KamiAnnDavis4 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Dec 28, 2020 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@coldflamingo77 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Nov 15, 2020 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@Drugfreeworldfl 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Sep 7, 2020 · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@sbanksss 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Aug 5, 2020 · 1 like · 1,382 followers View post →
Melody
@MelodyHope5 · X

@DVet711 @BenniBotanicals @CANNiLIVE @SEKoontz1 7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/OExKhL2zjS

Jul 23, 2020 · 1 like · 1,382 followers View post →
nmixx
@nmixxch · X

RT @ChemRxiv: 7-Hydroxymitragynine is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of its Analgesic Effects by Jonathan Javitch,…

Oct 31, 2019 · 4 shares · 243 followers View post →
Aditya Lakhani
@lakhaniadit · X

7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects https://t.co/GsbbykdQt2

Sep 19, 2019 View post →
Dave Grawoig, Ph.D.
@grawoig · X

RT @grawoig: Article: https://t.co/suJ25ERtUB "7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analge…

Jun 7, 2019 · 1 share · 6,554 followers View post →
Dave Grawoig, Ph.D.
@grawoig · X

Article: https://t.co/suJ25ERtUB "7-Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects" by Andrew C. Kruegel Rajendra Uprety, Steven G. Grinnell, Cory Langreck, Elizabeth A. Pekarskaya, Valerie Le Rouzic,…https://t.co/2Rzgu6MRHT

May 30, 2019 · 2 likes · 1 share · 6,554 followers View post →
Columbia Psychiatry
@ColumbiaPsych · X

RT @ACSCentSci: Read #FirstRxns by Mariana Spetea & Helmut Schmidhammer​ @uniinnsbruck https://t.co/QLpDFEgcgI on research by Dalibor Sames…

May 30, 2019 · 1 share · 23,404 followers View post →
ACS Central Science
@ACSCentSci · X

Read #FirstRxns by Mariana Spetea & Helmut Schmidhammer​ @uniinnsbruck https://t.co/QLpDFEgcgI on research by Dalibor Sames & team @ColumbiaPsych @sloan_kettering about the metabolism-dependent mechanism for the analgesic effects of mitragynine: https://t.co/ZCFpWMpZi6 https://t.co/w3NpO7kdiz

May 30, 2019 · 4 likes · 1 share · 28,105 followers View post →
Andy Stringer
@AndyStringer · X

Mitragynine, from kratom (Mitragyna speciosa), is a pro-drug for 7‐Hydroxymitragynine - μ-receptor partial agonists. May explain why it is more potent orally than IV and why some people with CYP3A4 abnormalities react differently (c.f. codeine and CYP2D6). https://t.co/lezzZ9GBYZ

May 30, 2019 · 1 like · 277 followers View post →
Columbia Psychiatry
@ColumbiaPsych · X

RT @ACSCentSci: Read latest research on safer #opioids from Javitch, Majumdar, Sames & team! Reporting a metabolism-dependent mechanism for…

May 29, 2019 · 2 shares · 23,404 followers View post →
ACS Central Science
@ACSCentSci · X

Read latest research on safer #opioids from Javitch, Majumdar, Sames & team! Reporting a metabolism-dependent mechanism for the analgesic effects of mitragynine & importance of route of administration in determining activity @ColumbiaPsych @sloan_kettering https://t.co/ZCFpWMpZi6 https://t.co/Ri6PPaUw3v

May 29, 2019 · 12 likes · 2 shares · 28,105 followers View post →
Mike Cunningham
@thewatchglass · X

RT @ChemRxiv: 7-Hydroxymitragynine is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of its Analgesic Effects by Jonathan Javitch,…

Feb 12, 2019 · 4 shares · 998 followers View post →
Marshall Brennan
@Organometallica · X

RT @ChemRxiv: 7-Hydroxymitragynine is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of its Analgesic Effects by Jonathan Javitch,…

Feb 8, 2019 · 4 shares · 5,651 followers View post →
ChemRxiv
@ChemRxiv · X

7-Hydroxymitragynine is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of its Analgesic Effects by Jonathan Javitch, Susruta Majumdar, Dalibor Sames & co-workers https://t.co/kr1UI09Cv1 #biochempreprints https://t.co/ZnDgcy5lu8

Feb 8, 2019 · 5 likes · 4 shares · 32,252 followers View post →